Human neutrophils generate extracellular vesicles that modulate their functional responses

Neutrophils influence innate and adaptive immunity by releasing various cytokines and chemokines, by generating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and by modulating their own survival. Neutrophils also produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) termed ectosomes, which influence the function of other immune cells. Here, we studied neutrophil-derived ectosomes (NDEs) and whether they can modulate autologous neutrophil responses. We first characterized EV production by neutrophils, following MISEV 2018 guidelines to facilitate comparisons with other studies. We found that such EVs are principally NDEs, that they are rapidly released in response to several (but not all) physiological stimuli, and that a number of signaling pathways are involved in the induction of this response. When co-incubated with autologous neutrophils, NDE constituents were rapidly incorporated into recipient cells and this triggered and/or modulated neutrophil responses. The pro-survival effect of GM-CSF, G-CSF, IFNγ, and dexamethasone was reversed; CXCL8 and NET formation were induced in otherwise unstimulated neutrophils; the induction of inflammatory chemokines by TNFα was modulated depending on the activation state of the NDEs’ parent cells; and inducible NET generation was attenuated. Our data show that NDE generation modulates neutrophil responses in an autocrine and paracrine manner and indicate that this probably represents an important aspect of how neutrophils shape their environment and cellular interactions.

Name thesis:degree_name

M. Sc.

Level thesis:degree_level

Maîtrise

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Immunologie

Grantor dc:publisher

Université de Sherbrooke

Year dc:date.issued

2023

Author dc:creator

• Hurtado Gutierrez, Maria José

Advisors dc:contributor.advisor

• McDonald, Patrick
• Dubois, Claire

• Neutrophils
• Extracellular vesicles
• Apoptosis
• Chemokines
• NETs
• Autocrine
• Vésicles extracellulaires

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ca/

Language dc:language.iso

en

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/11143/20599

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:usherbrooke.scholaris.ca:11143/20599