Impact of Dietary Carbohydrate and Protein Levels on Carbohydrate Metabolism

The third objective evaluated differential tissue responses in gene expression and metabolic signaling in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue associated with diets containing 58%, 40%, or 25% of energy as CARB. These diets represent high (HC), moderate (MC), and low (LC) CARB amounts within the acceptable macronutrient distribution range for the DRI. This study was designed to identify the range of metabolic adaptations required to maintain glucose homeostasis across the recommended dietary range of CARB. While plasma glucose was maintained within normal range, as dietary CARB increased in the diet, there was a progression of saturation of hepatic glucose regulations including increased post-prandial glycogen, decreased GNG capacity (decreased expression of PEPCK) with increased lipogenic activity (increased FAS expression) in addition to the corresponding SREBP1c expression in liver. This increase in dietary CARB then exceeded skeletal muscle utilization of glucose, becoming reliant on adipose uptake of glucose: increased glucose uptake into muscle in addition to patterns observed in insulin signaling elements and FAS expression in adipose tissue. Though optimal macronutrient content remains unknown, increases in physiologic ranges of CARB in the diet produce huge shifts in metabolism while maintaining glucose homeostasis. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).

Name thesis:degree_name

Ph.D.

Level thesis:degree_level

Dissertation

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Nutritional Sciences

Grantor

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Year dc:date

2015

Author dc:creator

• Lasker, Denise Ann

Contributors dc:contributor

• Evans, Ellen M.

• Biology, Physiology

Language dc:language

eng

Identifier

(MiAaPQ)AAI3392111

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/84967