Functional Importance of Oxidative Post-Translational Modifications of Ryanodine Receptor in Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Handling During Oxidative Stress

<p>Free ionic calcium (Ca2+) plays an essential role as a second messenger that initiates muscle contraction in the heart. Ryanodine receptor (RyR2) acts as the primary Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release channel in the heart. In the event that intracellular SR Ca2+ handling is compromised, both the contractility and electrical excitability of the heart can be altered. As a consequence, heart function may not be able to maintain the necessary cardiac output to meet the metabolic demand of the body.</p><p>Increased oxidation of RyR2 has been implicated in abnormal Ca2+ handling that promotes the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease. However, little has been done to specifically characterize oxidative post-translational modifications (PTMs) of RyR2 as a result of oxidative stress within the ischemic or failing myocardium. Commonly observed in many disease phenotypes, including cardiovascular disease, is the prominence of glutathione mixed-disulfides as a result of oxidative stress. This work tests the hypothesis: Increased glutathione mixed-disulfides will promote oxidation of RyR2, promoting augmentation of SR Ca2+ fractional release and SR Ca2+ will leak. Oxidative PTMs of RyR2, observed as a result of experimentally induced oxidative stress, will manifest in models of disease.</p><p>To test these hypotheses, changes in SR Ca2+ cycling parameters were measured in isolated ventricular myocytes from rabbit. RyR2 oxidation was determined by measuring relative free thiol content and western blot analysis. In the first part, the cellular redox environment is manipulated experimentally. With increased intracellular glutathione-mixed disulfides, RyR2-mediated SR Ca2+ release and RyR2 intersubunit disulfide formation (cross-linking) was increased. Moreover, RyR2 intersubunit cross-linking was strongly associated with depleting steady state SR Ca2+. The second part defines RyR2 oxidation in ischemia-reperfused (I/R) and failing myocardium (HF). Increased RyR2 oxidation and RyR2-mediated SR Ca2+ release manifested in both I/R and HF. RyR2 intersubunit cross-linking was observable in I/R whole tissue preparations. These findings implicate intersubunit cross-linking as an important mechanism for the regulation of RyR2 channel activity in disease.</p>

Name thesis:degree_name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Level thesis:degree_level

Dissertation

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Physiology

Year dc:date.available

2014

Author dc:creator

• Mazurek, Stefan R.

• Arrhythmia
• Ca2+
• Cardiac
• CICR
• Oxidative Stress
• Ryanodine
• Physiology

Repository record dc:identifier

https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/1285

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:ecommons.luc.edu:luc_diss-2284