Sulfatides mediate Disabled-2 membrane localization and stability during platelet aggregation

Thrombosis, the major cause of heart attack and strokes,1 is triggered by localized clotting of the blood as the result of deregulated platelet aggregation. During the repair of vascular injury, clotting usually occurs when platelets adhere to each other at the site of vascular injury in order to stop bleeding.2 Distinct protein receptors and adhesive ligands together with the blood flow conditions govern this process. One of the negative regulators in platelet aggregation is Disabled-2 (Dab2), a modular protein that is released upon platelet activation to the extracellular platelet surface.3 Dab2 inhibits platelet aggregation through its phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain by competing with fibrinogen for ï ¡IIï ¢3 integrin binding on the activated platelet surface.3 Sulfatides are also found on the platelet surface,4 interacting with adhesive and coagulation proteins5-7 and, thus, they are thought to play a major role in haemostasis and thrombogenesis. Here, we show that the Dab2 PTB domain specifically interacts with sulfatides through two conserved basic motifs. The sulfatide-binding site overlaps with that of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) in the PTB domain. Whereas sulfatides recruit the Dab2 PTB domain to the platelet surface, thus sequestering the protein from thrombin-mediated platelet aggregation, the phosphoinositide mediates its internalization. Experimental data support the hypothesis that two pools of Dab2 co-exist at the platelet surface and that the balance between them controls the extent of the clotting response.

Name thesis:degree_name

Master of Science

Level thesis:degree_level

masters

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Biology

Department dc:contributor.department

Biology

Grantor dc:publisher

Virginia Tech

Year dc:date.issued

2009

Author dc:creator

• Drahos, Karen Elizabeth

Chair dc:contributor.committeechair

• Finkielstein, Carla V.

Committee members dc:contributor.committeemember

• Capelluto, Daniel G. S.
• Sible, Jill C.

• platelets
• endocytosis
• Disabled-2
• sulfatides

Statement dc:rights

• In Copyright

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Dc Identifier Other

etd-04042009-232708

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/31626