Functional adaptation to exercise in juvenile, ovine cortical bone

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that affects millions of people who world wide. While there are several treatment options available for individuals diagnosed with osteoporosis, the underlying bone weakness still persists, and alternative efforts to treat, inhibit, or prevent osteoporosis continue to be ex plored. One potential solution is exercise, as mechanical stimuli from muscle forces are known to affect bone formation and resorption. However, previ ous studies have shown that the bones’ response to exercise diminishes with age, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive understanding of how exercise affects bone adaptation. While previous studies have examined the effects of exercise on bone qual ity, limitations exist in their ability to comprehensively examine spatial changes in mechanical properties and structure of growing cortical bone. These limi tations underscore the need for a more in-depth investigation to understand the potential of exercise as a viable option for improving bone quality and preventing the onset of osteoporosis. This study aimed to fill the gap in the existing literature by investigating the uniformity of exercise-induced changes in growing bone and quantifying the effects of exercise on both the mechan ical and structural properties of bone using a controlled animal study. The flat exercise group showed a significant increase in thickness and den sity in all regions of the anterior and posterior sides of the diaphysis, while the incline exercise group demonstrated more varied changes in thickness and density depending on the region. Both exercise groups showed no significant changes in bending modulus, and the changes in flexural modulus and strength were inconsistent across different regions. Samples from the exercise groups were more vulnerable to failure under compressive loads, potentially due to lower mineralization in those areas.

Name thesis:degree_name

M.S.

Level thesis:degree_level

Thesis

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Mechanical Engineering

Grantor

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Year dc:date

2023

Author dc:creator

• Craggette, Joshua Ian

Contributors dc:contributor

• Kersh, Mariana

• Cortical
• Adaptation

Statement dc:rights

• Copyright 2023 Joshua Craggette

Language dc:language

en, eng

Handle dc:identifier

https://hdl.handle.net/2142/120451

OAI record oai:identifier

https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=etdms&identifier=oai%3Awww.ideals.illinois.edu%3A2142%2F120451