The Skin Remembers: Epigenetic Memories of Inflammation Past

<p>As one of the body's largest environmental interfaces, the skin is routinely exposed to a myriad of inflammatory stimuli. It functions as a barrier acting as the first line of defense against pathogens, while simultaneously protecting the organism from dehydration. Maintaining an intact barrier is therefore paramount to organismal survival, and the foremost torchbearers of this task are skin epithelial stem cells (EpSCs). EpSCs reside in the basal layer of the skin, survive long-term, and are capable of both self-renewing and differentiating into multiple skin lineages. To efficaciously maintain the barrier, EpSCs must be able to sense and respond to environmental cues. Here, I unearth an adaptive mechanism whereby EpSCs retain an epigenetic memory of prior inflammatory exposure that endows them with enhanced sensitivity and responsiveness to subsequent tissue damage. During secondary injury, inflammatory memory is mediated by cytosolic dsDNA sensor and activator of the inflammasome AIM2, and its downstream effectors caspase-1 and interleukin-1β. Characterization of the chromatin landscape in inflammation-experienced EpSCs reveals specific retention of monomethylation of histone 3 on lysine 4 in memory chromatin domains primed for reactivation. Altogether, this body of work identifies a novel mechanism by which EpSCs cope with and adapt to environmental stress in preparation for the next inflammatory trigger.</p>

Name thesis:degree_name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Level thesis:degree_level

Thesis

Year

2019

Author dc:creator

• Larsen, Samantha B

Contributors dc:contributor

• Elaine Fuchs

• skin
• EpSCs
• inflammation
• epigenetic memory
• AIM2
• chromatin
• Life Sciences

Repository record dc:identifier

https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/student_theses_and_dissertations/530

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu:student_theses_and_dissertations-1531