Development of machine learning models for improving and achieving target fiber diameter of electrospun nanofibers

Electrospinning is a widely recognized technique for fabricating nanofibers with tailored properties, essential for applications in fields such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, filtration, energy storage, and sensors. However, the complexity of the electrospinning process, with its various experimental process parameters poses significant challenges in achieving consistent fiber diameters. This study explores the option of integrating machine learning (ML) algorithms to accurately predict and precisely control fiber diameters, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the electrospinning process. The study includes a comprehensive review of current ML applications for electrospun nanofibers. Predictive ML models were developed to train a dataset compiled from published research scientific sources, with eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) achieving a coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.93 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 127.76 nm on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers and an R² value of 0.94 with an RMSE of 79.89 nm on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. In addition, a broader dataset containing 3000 data points across a range of polymers, solvents, and process parameters was used to refine predictive ML models further. Among the various ML models, the XGB model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an R² value of 0.94 with an RMSE of 275.02 nm. Experimental validation with electrospun polystyrene (PS) nanofibers confirmed the robustness of these predictions, showing strong alignment between predicted and measured fiber diameters. Process optimization was performed using a Genetic Algorithm (GA), achieving target fiber diameters between 100 nm and 4000 nm with low fitness errors. This integrated approach achieves a near-perfect correlation (R² = 1.00) between target and predicted fiber diameters across diverse electrospinning conditions, reducing dependency on trial-and-error experimentation and enabling scalable, data-driven nanofiber fabrication tailored to specific applications.

Author

• Subeshan, Balakrishnan

Identifier

hdl:10057/29172

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:soar.wichita.edu:10057/29172