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University of Missouri--Kansas City

Sikh Men Post 9/11: Visible Markers of Religion, Perceived Religious Discrimination, and Career Barriers

Abstract

dc:description.abstract

The attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001 (9/11) stand out as a monumental event that is marked as a sad day in our society’s recent history and an even scarier reality of religious discrimination for Muslim Americans and “Arab-appearing” individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of Sikh men after 9/11. The sample included 231 Sikh men. Hypothesis 1 proposed that discrimination would mediate the relationship between visible markers of religion and psychological distress. Hypothesis 2 stated that discrimination would mediate the relationship between visible markers of religion and career barriers. Results supported hypotheses. An unexpected finding emerged in which higher career barriers predicted more psychological distress. Implications and future directions are discussed.

Degree

thesis:*
Name thesis:degree_name
Ph.D.
Level thesis:degree_level
Doctoral
Discipline thesis:degree_discipline
Counseling Psychology (UMKC)
Grantor
University of Missouri--Kansas City
Year dc:date.issued
2015

Author and committee

dc:creator, dc:contributor.*
Author dc:creator
  • Virdi, Kamaljit Kaur
Advisor dc:contributor.advisor
  • Brown, Chrisanthia, 1957-

Rights

Language dc:language.iso
en_US

Identifiers

dc:identifier.*
Handle dc:identifier.uri
https://hdl.handle.net/10355/47959
OAI identifier oai:identifier
oai:mospace.umsystem.edu:10355/47959

Chain of custody

source
Harvested from
University of Missouri - Kansas City
Base URL
mospace.umsystem.edu/oai/request
Last updated
2026-07-24
Source record
OAI-PMH GetRecord
related terms
citation

Virdi, Kamaljit Kaur. Sikh Men Post 9/11: Visible Markers of Religion, Perceived Religious Discrimination, and Career Barriers. Doctoral thesis, University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10355/47959