The Role of Gastrointestinal Microflora in the Metabolism and Toxicity of Trichothecene Mycotoxins

The three trichothecene mycotoxins, T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and deoxynivalenol (DON) were incubated in vitro under anaerobic conditions with bovine rumen microorganisms. Gas chromatographic and gas chromatography/mass spectrometric analysis of the extracts demonstrated that all three toxins were biotransformed to a variety of deacylated, deepoxy products including: deepoxy deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), deepoxy monoacetoxyscirpenol (DE MAS), deepoxy scirpentriol (DE SCP), deepoxy HT-2 (DE HT-2) and deepoxy T-2 triol (DE TRIOL). Fecal microflora obtained from rats, cattle and swine biotransformed DAS to deacylated deepoxidation products including DE MAS and DE SCP. By contrast, fecal microflora from horses, dogs and chickens failed to produce deepoxy metabolites, yielding only deacylation products. Rat cecal microflora efficiently biotransformed T-2, DAS and the polar trichothecenes, tetraol and scirpentriol, to their deepoxy metabolites demonstrating that lipid solubility is not a major factor in epoxide reduction.

Name thesis:degree_name

Ph.D.

Level thesis:degree_level

Dissertation

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Veterinary Medical Science

Grantor

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Year dc:date

2014

Author dc:creator

• Swanson, Steven Philip

Contributors dc:contributor

• Buck, William B.

• Biology, Veterinary Science

Identifier

(UMI)AAI8908861

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/71357