Circumstellar environments around the youngest protostars: interferometric observations and modeling

This thesis presents observations and modeling of nearby embedded sources in the earliest stage of protostellar evolution, i.e., Class 0 young stellar objects, using interferometric data of the Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland Association array and the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy. Protostars form through gravitational collapse inside their natal envelopes, and these circumstellar envelopes contain valuable information about the physical processes of star formation. In this thesis, both molecular lines and dust continuum are utilized to investigate the nature of the collapsing envelopes. In particular, I focus on the isolated edge-on low-mass protostar L1157. While a large-scale (~20,000 AU) flattened envelope is detected in both the N2H+ line and the 8 micron extinction perpendicular to the outflow orientation, the dust continuum shows spherical structures at scales between ~10^2 and ~10^3 AU. The N2H+ observations not only reveal the outer envelope that is too dim to be detected in dust continuum, but they also unveil the kinematic structures of the flattened envelope. The dust continuum is compared with theoretical collapse models using radiative transfer calculation and Bayesian inference. The modeling techniques, as well as the associated uncertainties, are detailed. The results show that a power-law envelope model with a density index p ~ 2 provides a better fit to the observations than the simple Shu model or the commonly-used Terebey-Shu-Cassen model. Furthermore, I discuss the implications of the modeling results on the dust grain properties and the constraints they place on the youngest circumstellar disk embedded inside the envelope.

Name thesis:degree_name

Ph.D.

Level thesis:degree_level

Dissertation

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Astronomy

Grantor

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Year dc:date

2012

Author dc:creator

• Chiang, Hsin-Fang

Contributors dc:contributor

• Looney, Leslie W.
• Kemball, Athol J.
• Gammie, Charles F.
• Mouschovias, T. Ch.

• star formation

Statement dc:rights

• Copyright 2011 Hsin-Fang Chiang

Language dc:language

en

Handle dc:identifier

http://hdl.handle.net/2142/29575

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/29575