Composite propellant combustion with low aluminum agglomeration

Aluminum behavior—accumulation, agglomeration and ignition—is studied in a unique, wide-distribution, ammonium perchlorate/hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (AP/HTPB) propellant formulation that results in low Al agglomeration, even at low pressures (1-30 atm). Variations in formulation—such as fine-AP/binder ratio, Al particle size, Al loading, coarse-AP size—are also examined. A fuel-rich, oxygenated binder matrix highly loaded with fine (2-µm) AP (FAP) at 75/25:FAP/binder (by mass) is found to have premixed flame conditions that produce minimal agglomeration (without ignition) of 15-µm Al. Coarse AP (CAP) is added to the system in the form of either particles (200 or 400 µm) or pressed-AP laminates (simulated CAP). In the 2-D laminate system the CAP/oxyfuel-matrix flame structure is seen to be similar to that previously described for non-aluminized laminates with split (diffusion) and merged (partially-premixed) flame regimes, depending on pressure and fuel-matrix thickness. Both laminate and particulate systems show that with CAP present, Al can agglomerate more extensively on CAP via lateral surface migration from fuel matrix to the CAP region. The particulate CAP system also shows that Al can accumulate/agglomerate via settling on CAP from above (in the direction of burning). Both systems, but more clearly the 2-D laminates, show that with CAP present, Al is ignited by the outer CAP/fuel-matrix canopy flames. Thus, a propellant formulation is proposed for reducing overall Al agglomeration through intrinsically reduced agglomeration in the fuel-matrix and a reduced number of CAP-particle agglomerates via higher FAP/CAP ratio.

Name thesis:degree_name

Ph.D.

Level thesis:degree_level

Dissertation

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Mechanical Engineering

Grantor

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Year dc:date

2010

Author dc:creator

• Mullen, Jessica C.

Contributors dc:contributor

• Brewster, M. Quinn
• Jacobi, Anthony M.
• Kyritsis, Dimitrios C.
• Austin, Joanna M.

• Aluminum
• Low Agglomeration
• Hydroxyl-terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB)
• Wide-distribution AP
• Fine-AP particles (FAP)
• ammonium perchlorate/hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (AP/HTPB) flames
• Laminate
• Ammonium Perchlorate (AP)

Statement dc:rights

• Copyright 2010 Jessica C Mullen

Language dc:language

en

Handle dc:identifier

http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16047

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/16047