N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) is a regulator of plasma membrane rupture and necrotic cell death

Necrosis, originally considered chaotic, has been found to be regulated by distinct molecular pathways. To identify novel regulators of plasma membrane rupture, a hallmark of necrotic cell death, a genome-wide shRNA loss-of-function screen was performed. We identified SNARE complex members, mediators of canonical membrane fusion events, as necessary for Ca2+ and ROS-induced plasma membrane rupture andnecrosis. We targeted N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) due to its requirement in SNARE recycling, lack of gene homologs, and redox sensitivity. Deletion of Nsf protected against membrane rupture induced by various necrotic stimuli, yet did not influence apoptosis, suggesting specificity in programmed necrosis. We discovered that NSF localizes to sites of membrane blebbing and rupture. Additionally, SNARE-binding, ATPase activity, and redox modification are necessary for NSF’s role in necrosis. We generated conditional Nsf knockout mice and induced skeletal muscle injury via cardiotoxin injection. Loss of NSF protected against sarcolemmal rupture and myocyte death. Complementarily, cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Nsf protected against ischemia-reperfusion injury. The SNARE complex regulator, NSF, is a key mediator of membrane rupture in necrotic cell death and a promising therapeutic target for numerous diseases.

Grantor dc:publisher

Temple University. Libraries

Year dc:date.issued

2021

Author dc:creator

• Murray, Emma

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• Elrod, John W.

Committee members dc:contributor.committeemember

• Kishore, Raj
• Tian, Ying
• Soboloff, Jonathan
• Calvert, John W.

• Cellular biology

Statement dc:rights

• IN COPYRIGHT- This Rights Statement can be used for an Item that is in copyright. Using this statement implies that the organization making this Item available has determined that the Item is in copyright and either is the rights-holder, has obtained permission from the rights-holder(s) to make their Work(s) available, or makes the Item available under an exception or limitation to copyright (including Fair Use) that entitles it to make the Item available.

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Language dc:language.iso

eng

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/6821

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:scholarshare.temple.edu:20.500.12613/6821