Entwicklung einer Technologie zur langzeitstabilen Biologischen Reinigung schwermetallbelasteter Bergbauwässer

A new technology for biotechnological treatment of mine waters with both high concentrations of heavy metals and sulphate was developed. The technology is based on the technical coupling of microbially mediated hydrolysis, fermentation and microbial sulphate reduction in a self-stabilising process. Electron donor for sulphate reduction is supplied by degradation of a solid substrate (silage). Elimination of metals is primarily achieved by sulphide precipitation within the sulphate reduction zone. The organic compounds are either supplied by elution or by hydrolysis of polymeric compounds which was named active elution. The concept was realised as a two-phase process with (active) elution in the first phase (R1) and sulphate reduction and metal elimination in the second phase (R2). With this process setup the supply of sufficient amounts of electron donor in R1, a stable and effective sulphate reduction yield as the basis of metal elimination in R2 and a stable separation of microbial processes in R1 and R2 was achieved at hydraulic retention times of 69 h in R1 and 40 h in R2. Almost complete elimination of heavy metals was achieved from wastewaters with 0.2 mM Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and Mn2. A structurised mathematical model describing the two-phase process was developed on the basis of literature values and tested with data from continuous experiments. Microbial processes were significantly influenced in the presence of precipitated heavy metal sulfides. The effect was dependent on both the bound metal (Ni2+ or Fe2+) and the relative distance between sediment and biomass.

Level thesis:degree_level

thesis.doctoral

Grantor dc:publisher

Technische Universität Dresden

Year

2004

Author dc:creator

• Deusner, Christian

Contributors dc:contributor

• Bley, T.
• Babel, W.
• Mahro, B.

• Anaerobe Abwasserbehandlung
• Bergbauwasser
• Elution
• FeS
• Fermentation
• Fällung
• Hydrolyse
• Modellierung
• Passives Verfahren
• Schwermetalle
• Schwermetallsulfide
• Silage
• Sulfatreduktion
• Syntrophie
• Wasserstofftransfer
• AMD
• NMD
• anaerobic wastewater treatment
• heavy metal sulfides
• heavy metals
• hydrolysis
• interspecies hydrogen transfer
• mine drainage
• modelling
• passive process
• precipitation
• sulfate reduction
• syntrophy