Selective laser sintering of bioactive glass scaffolds and their biological assessment for bone repair

<p>"Bone scaffold fabrication using powder-bed based additive manufacturing techniques, like the selective laser sintering (SLS) process, provides control over pore interconnectivity, pore geometry, and the overall shape of the scaffold, which aids in repairing different regions of the bone. The main objectives of this dissertation were to develop bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds using the SLS process and evaluate the scaffolds for their effectiveness in bone repair both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. 13-93 glass, a silicate based BG, and 13-93B3 glass, a borate based BG, are designed to accelerate the body's natural ability to heal itself and are used in this research. After the initial feasibility study, the material and process parameters were optimized to improve the compressive strength from ~20 MPa to ~41 MPa, for a 13-93 BG scaffold with a porosity of ~50%.</p> <p>Pore geometry of the scaffold plays a crucial role as it not only affects the mechanical properties and subsequent degradation but also the bone cell proliferation. Scaffolds with a porosity of ~50% and five different pore geometries, namely, cubic, spherical, X, diamond, and gyroid, were fabricated and assessed in vitro for a possible preferential cell proliferation. The MTT labeling experiments indicated that the scaffolds with diamond and gyroid pore geometries have higher curvature-driven MLO-A5 cell proliferation. Finally, scaffolds with diamond and cubic pore geometries were evaluated <em>in vivo</em> using a rat calvarial defect model for 6 weeks. Though the results indicated no significant difference in the amount of new bone formation with respect to the defect region, the maturation of the fibrous tissue to bone appeared to be quicker in the scaffolds with diamond architecture"--Abstract, page iv.</p>

Name thesis:degree_name

Ph. D. in Mechanical Engineering

Grantor

Missouri University of Science and Technology

Year dc:date.available

2016

Author dc:creator

• Kolan, Krishna C. R.

• Bioactive glass
• Bone repair
• Pore geometry
• Porosity
• Scaffolds
• Selective laser sintering
• Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
• Mechanical Engineering

Repository record dc:identifier

https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/2451

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:scholarsmine.mst.edu:doctoral_dissertations-3453