Quantitative phase microscopy for the study of electromotility in living cells

The electric activity of living cells is accompanied with changes in their optical and mechanical properties, which arise from the intrinsic biophysics of the cell membrane. These intrinsic changes can be used as an indicator for cell electric activity, but, to our knowledge, the intrinsic signal of electric activity has never been detected in single vertebrate cells. We describe here our development of a quantitative phase microscopy technique that is capable of detecting the intrinsic changes induced by electric activity in a human cell line. Chapter 1 provides introductory material regarding cellular electrophysiology and a review of the literature on the intrinsic signal of cell electric activity. This chapter also briefly introduces the quantitative phase microscope. In Chapter 2, we discuss our pilot studies and introduce the electromotility of prestinexpressing HEK293 cells as a test system. We describe our design of an effective optical detection scheme based on quantitative phase imaging and frequency domain detection which provides full-field, high resolution, high sensitivity, quantitative detection of electrically induced optical signals in cells. In Chapter 3, we demonstrate an improved quantitative phase microscope based on low-coherence interferometry with enhanced sensitivity and lower noise. We successfully acquired images of the intrinsic optical signal from electrically stimulated single HEK293 cells. In Chapter 4, we characterized the electrochemical properties and dynamic properties of the intrinsic optical signal. We argue that the signal is generated through the electromechanical coupling mechanism called membrane electromotility (MEM). Using the MEM signal as an indicator of membrane electric activity, we imaged the propagation of an applied potential in a network of cells in Chapter 5. Our research shows that high resolution quantitative phase imaging is a powerful tool that can provide significant insight into the underlying mechanism of cellular intrinsic optical signal of electric activity. Membrane electromotility imaging provides a novel opportunity for the visualization of the electrical connectivity of cultured cells.

Department dc:contributor.department

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Physics.

Grantor dc:publisher

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Year dc:date.issued

2010

Author dc:creator

• Oh, Seung-eun

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• Michael Stephen Feld.

• Physics.

Statement dc:rights

• M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582

Language dc:language.iso

eng

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62650

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/62650