Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 30 for “"xpert"”.
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Method Verification of Cepheid Xpert Xpress Flu Assay by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
<p>Method Verification of Cepheid Xpert Xpress Flu Assay by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed in accordance with California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) laboratory protocol and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Evaluation Protocol, EP15-A2. Method verification plan …
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Evaluation of diagnostic advances in Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis; the automated xpert MTB/RIF assay
Background Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) is a rapid, automated, onsite nucleic acid amplification test for tuberculosis (TB). It is effective for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB but there is limited evidence for its usefulness in extrapulmonary TB, particularly musculoskeletal TB. Aims and hypothesis The aim …
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Evaluation of diagnostic advances in musculoskeletal tuberculosis; the automated xpert MTB/RIF assay
… was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert for musculoskeletal TB and for rifampicin resistance against a gold standard of culture or histology. Site of disease, HIV status, and age of patients, and accuracy in spinal compared to extraspinal TB were investigated as secondary …
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Tongue dorsum swab processing for the detection of tuberculosis with Cepheid Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra
… swabs. Studies using the automated Cepheid Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra qPCR test (Xpert Ultra) to analyze tongue swabs have yielded more modest results. Using tongue swabs collected from TB-negative volunteers and spiked with cultured MTB cells, this work screened nearly 30 swabbing, storage, and …
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Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and mycobacterial culture in routine clinical practice at a Tertiary Paediatric Hospital
… World Health Organization approved the use of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) in children due to quick turn-around time, improved yield over smear microscopy, and ability to detect rifampicin resistance despite culture being the “gold standard”. This study reviewed published literature on current …
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The evaluation of different strategies to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis in people living with HIV in resource-limited settings
… with HIV (PLHIV) has 2 components: the WHO Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) algorithm and WHO Alere Determine TB-LAM (AlereLAM) algorithm. According to the WHO Xpert algorithm, WHO recommends that PLHIV be routinely screened for tuberculosis with the WHO foursymptom screen (W4SS; comprising any one of …
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Newer and novel sputum versus non-sputum-based tools for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in different patient sub-populations
… tests, including the newer and more sensitive Xpert Ultra and urine LAM in key active TB patient sub-populations (wherein data are limited). The main themes and sub-populations included in my thesis are as follows: 1) Hospitalised HIV-Infected patients (patients in the severe end of PTB …
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Novel and newer nucleic acid amplification tests for the diagnosis of TB
… assay on sputum, and that of the semi-automated Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) test on non-sputum specimens (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [BALF], tracheal aspirates, and cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]) from South African patients with suspected TB (the accuracy of Xpert using these fluids was unknown at the …
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Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with discordant rifampicin susceptibility test results
Background: The Xpert MTB/RIF assay was adopted as the initial diagnostic test for patients with presumptive tuberculosis (TB) by the South African National TB Control programme in December 2010. Rifampicin (RIF) resistance detected by the Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) is confirmed by a line probe assay …
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Assessment of Two Techniques for Diagnosis Pulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV Patient at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital Zanzibar.
… The intention of the study was to evaluate Gene Xpert MTB/RIF technique and smear auramine LED FM technique for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in people living with HIV at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital Zanzibar. The study was experimental type of design that involved laboratory analysis of …
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Utility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urine
… TB LAM Ag test, Alere) and urine-based Xpert MTB/RIF for TB diagnosis in two patient cohorts with high HIV prevalence. A spot urine sample was collected from two cohorts of persons with suspected TB. The first cohort consisted of ambulatory primary care clinic patients suspected of …
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Optimizing Tuberculosis Diagnosis in HIV-Infected Inpatients Meeting the Criteria of Seriously Ill in the WHO Algorithm
… and to determine the diagnostic utility of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in seriously ill HIV-infected patients. Methods We conducted a prospective study among HIV-infected inpatients with any cough duration and WHO-defined danger signs. Culture-positive tuberculosis from any site was the reference …
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Early morning urine collection to improve the sensitivity of LAM in hospitalised TB/HIV co-infected patients
… both grade 1 and 2 cut-points. A single sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/or liquid TB culture was a reference standard. Those designated probable TB patients were sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/ TB culture negative, but started on TB treatment.
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Improving point-of-care diagnosis of tuberculosis: development and evaluation of novel technologies
… (LAM) urine dipstick, and an adaptation of the Xpert®MTB/RIF assay for use on blood. Lastly, there is a modification of the sputum collection device (SCD) to enable specimen processing without the requirement of a biosafety cabinet. The chemiresistive sensor, which detects volatile organic …
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Approaches to the diagnosis of smear-negative and sputum-scarce TB in South Africa
… and ii) the use of the newer diagnostic tools (Xpert MTB/RIF and urine LAM strip), could improve diagnosis of SN or SSTB and impact clinical care. We investigated the accuracy and impact of these approaches at different levels in the health-system.
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Linkage to treatment following RR-TB diagnosis in the Western Cape
… of DRTB services and the scale-up of Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostics. Methods: An embedded case study approach, using qualitative research methods, was employed to explore barriers and enablers to expedited treatment linkage following RR-TB diagnosis. The case of investigation in this study …
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The prevalence and determinants of active tuberculosis among diabetes patients attending a primary health care clinic in Cape Town, South Africa
… African township were evaluated for TB using Xpert MTB/RIF testing (Xpert) and other conventional methods - clinical symptom screening, smear microscopy, chest x - ray, and culture. Socio - demographic and biochemical information were collected using the Who's STEPwise approach to surveillance …
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Modeling the impact of screening algorithms and prisoner turnover levels on TB transmission in South African prisons
… improved screening with chest radiography and Xpert testing yielded equal or better results compared to improved ventilation (12 air changes per hour) at every level of turnover modeled. This study suggests that the number of prisoners in high-turnover environments should be reduced in order to …
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A systematic review: the role of neuroinflammation as a pathway to injury in traumatic brain injury
… lipoarabinomannan, TB blood culture and urine Xpert); valid chest x-ray; or who were lost to follow up. Results: Amongst 364 included participants, 73 (20%) died and 291 (80%) survived. Median age was 36 years and median CD4 count 57cells/mm3. 25% of participants had normal chest x-rays. No …
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Illuminating a neglected population: epidemiological and clinical features of silicosis and tuberculosis among former gold miners from Lesotho
… in the diagnosis of active TB disease using Xpert MTB/RIF sputum test as the reference standard; and (3) to identify predictors of silicosis, tuberculosis, and associated hypoxaemia to better understand the predictive effects of comorbidity, the determinants of severity, and health care …
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