Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 163 for “"lysosome"”.
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Lysosome biogenesis during osteoclastogenesis
Lysosomes are acidic, hydrolase-rich vesicles capable of degrading most biological macromolecules. During the past several decades, much has been learned about different aspects of lysosome biogenesis. The selective phosphorylation of mannose residues on lysosomal enzymes, in conjunction with …
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Characterization of Phagosome-Lysosome Fusion in Macrophages
… were used to study the determinants of phagosome-lysosome (P-L) fusion in intact mouse macrophages. Lysosomes were labeled with the fluorescent vital dye acridine orange and the rate and extent of their fusion with yeast-containing phagosomes was monitored by fluorescence microscopy. Fusion was …
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Cytosolic sphingolipids and lysosome reactivation in neurodegenerative diseases
… degrade GlcCer in the cytosol and lysosome. GlcCer has been suggested to be an activator of vATPase, leading to proper endolysosomal acidification. Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), are caused by the defective activity of lysosomal proteins, including the accumulation of …
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The physiological role of P2X4 receptors in lysosome function
… to Ca2+. They are predominantly localised to lysosomes and from there can traffic to the cell surface. ATP levels within the lysosome are high but P2X4Rs are inhibited by the acidic pH. Previously, it was shown that the alkalinisation of lysosomes using pharmacological reagents was sufficient …
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The role of USP17 in lysosome trafficking and lysosomal function
… have preliminarily shown it is required for lysosome positioning. The research presented in this thesis further confirm the role of USP17 in lysosome trafficking and explore the impact upon lysosomal function as well as its potential mechanism.<br/><br/>The data presented in Chapter 3 of this …
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MOLECULAR MECHANISMS ORCHESTRATING LYSOSOME-MEDIATED DEGRADATION OF RIBOSOMES IN ANEUPLOID CELLS
… protein folding is strictly connected to the lysosome-mediated degradation of ribosomes. In detail, with my work I showed that, right after chromosome mis-segregation, cells face an increasing folding demand that challenges Hsp90 and Hsp70 chaperone families. The lack of an efficient folding …
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Organelle remodeling and V-ATPase dynamics in the lysosome regeneration cycle
Lysosomes play an essential role in intracellular degradation and cellular homeostasis, contributing to crucial functions within cellular metabolism. Ongoing research continues to expand our knowledge of the molecular biology and morphology of these organelles, revealing their diverse range of …
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A NOVEL RIT2-LRRK2 AXIS MODULATES LYSOSOME FUNCTION: INSIGHT FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
La disfunzione lisosomiale è un fattore determinante nella patogenesi della malattia di Parkinson (PD). L’attività chinasica di Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) modula autofagia e funzionalità lisosomiale, e la sua inibizione farmacologica è protettiva per neurodegenerazione e patologia di …
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Studies of intraorganelle dynamics: the lysosome, the pre-lysosomal compartment, and the golgi apparatus
The lysosome, a multi-copy organelle, was chosen as an example to study intraorganelle dynamics. Lysosomal contents and membrane proteins were shown to intermix rapidly in fused mammalian cells, with a t<sub>½</sub> of ~30 min. Lysosomal content intermixing, shown by a sensitive …
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Organellar Zn2+ Homeostasis and the Role of TRPML Channels in Neuronal Lysosome Physiology and Axonal Transport
<p>Zinc (Zn<sup>2+</sup>) is crucial for proper cellular function, and as such it is important to measure and track Zn<sup>2+</sup> dynamics in living cells. Fluorescent sensors have been used to estimate Zn<sup>2+</sup> content of subcellular compartments, but little is known about endolysosomal …
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Mechanistic study on the therapeutic strategy to enhance glioma cell death through inhibition of proteasome and lysosome
… degradation systems, including proteasome and lysosome. In part I, we investigate the role of eIF2a in BZ-induced cell death. We found that ER-derived dilation preceded bortezomib induced cell death. eIF2α was initially phosphorylated but it was dephosphorylated in parallel with the ER …
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The synthesis, characterization, and use of a protein-cysteine proteinase inhibitor complex for the study of endosome/lysosome fusion
The cysteine proteinases cathepsins B, L, and S are lysosomal enzymes responsible for the degradation of endocytosed proteins. Their presence in human cell monocytic lines THP1 and U937 was detected by the use of the membrane-permeable, irreversible, active-site directed inhibitor Fmoc-(¹²⁵I)Tyr- …
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Amino Acid Sensing in Muscle: Role of the lysosome and the effect of protein supplementation on improving amino acid sensitivity in aging muscle
Protein ingestion is a well-studied stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Only recently has the mechanism for this phenomenon been elucidated at the cellular level. To this point, most of the mechanistic research into this process has been conducted in human embryonic kidney …
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Differential Autophagic Responses to Nano-Sized Materials
… response to nanomaterials is mediated by the lysosome-autophagy system, which is the main catabolic pathway in mammalian cells that mediates degradation of a variety of nano-sized materials that are encountered by the cell through the lysosome. The lysosome-autophagy system is thus at the …
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Lysosomes and Ribonucleoprotein Dynamics in Neurons
The lysosome is canonically known as a major organelle for protein degradation and nutrient sensing in the cell. Mutations in lysosomal enzymes and membrane proteins often result in neurological disease, demonstrating the critical role for this organelle in neuronal function and homeostasis. …
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Inhibition of TFEB activation promotes Coxiella burnetii growth
… the host endocytic pathway, CCV is as acidic as lysosome, we found that CCV is significantly less acidic (pH~5.2) than lysosomes (pH~4.8) and inducing further CCV acidification causes Coxiella lysis. Furthermore, increasing lysosomal biogenesis in the host cell is detrimental for Coxiella growth. …
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Lysosomal nutrients and the mTORC1 pathway
The lysosome is the major catabolic organelle, is the site of activation of the master growth regulator mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1), and is often deregulated in common diseases, such as cancer. Given the critical role of lysosomes in maintaining cellular homeostasis, a …
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Novel Mechanisms of Antigen Processing That Enhance Bcg Vaccine Efficacy
… of macrophages that do not fuse with lysosomes. Since lysosome fusion is necessary for peptide production and T cell priming leading to protective T<sub>H</sub>1 immunity, we hypothesized that vaccine efficacy is reduced and occurs perhaps due to non-lysosome dependent mechanisms. We …
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Regulation of the mTORC1 growth pathway by amino acids
… including the Rag GTPases, localize to the lysosome and that intralysosomal amino acid accumulation is necessary for mTORC1 activation, we began our search for potential direct amino acid sensors at the lysosomal membrane. We identify SLC38A9, an uncharacterized protein with homology to …
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The Dynamics and Function of the Endolysosomal/Lysosomal System
Lysosomes are intracellular organelles that were considered for a long time to be simply an acidic and hydrolytically active end point of trafficking routes for degradation, in the last 20 years, light has been shed on their functional heterogeneity and striking role in signalling and nutrient …
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