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Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 61 for “"Nucleotide Excision Repair"”.
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Nucleotide Excision Repair, Crosslink Repair and Transcriptional Function of Xpa In Human Cells
<p>Nucleotide excision repair (NER) in mammalian cells includes xeroderma pigmentosum group A protein (XPA) as a core factor. XPA and other NER proteins have been detected previously at some active promoters, and NER deficiency is reported to decrease activated transcription of selected genes. To …
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Identification of Novel Core and Accessory Factors Involved in Nucleotide Excision Repair in Yeast
ABSTRACT Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a highly conserved DNA repair mechanism which deals with a wide variety of bulky, helix-distorting lesions, such as UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). NER is traditionally grouped into two pathways: global genomic repair (GGR), which is …
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New Insights into the Roles of Human DNA Damage Checkpoint Protein ATR in the Regulation of Nucleotide Excision Repair and DNA Damage-Induced Cell Death
… Cells have evolved multiple mechanisms to repair DNA damage or to eliminate the damaged cells beyond repair and to prevent diverse diseases. Among these are ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)-mediated DNA damage checkpoint and nucleotide excision repair (NER) that are the major …
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Comparison of phenanthriplatin, a novel monofunctional platinum based anticancer drug candidate, with cisplatin, a classic bifunctional anticancer drug
Nucleotide excision repair, a DNA repair mechanism, is the major repair pathway responsible for removal of platinum-based anticancer drugs. In this study, 146 bp duplexes were prepared containing either a site-specific cisdiammineplatinum( Il)-DNA intrastrand d(GpG) cross-link or a …
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Disconnecting a Role for DNA Repair in the Pathogenicity of the Human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
… Considering the evidence of a role of DNA repair in pathogenesis, I investigated DNA repair strategies adopted by Cryptococcus to survive in the environment and to cause successful infection. The repair of UV induced DNA damage was studied for two genes: UVE1 and RAD23, parts of base …
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Analysis of NusA's roles in DNA repair and damage tolerance pathways in Escherichia coli
… and antitermination. However, its role in DNA repair and damage tolerance has not been explored until recently. Cohen et al. proposed for the first time that NusA functions as a coupling factor in transcription-coupled translesion synthesis (TC-TLS) and nucleotide excision repair (TCR) …
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Using <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> as a Whole-Model Animal System to Elucidate the Mechanism of Action of Novel Anticancer Agents
… to visualize the DNA damage occurring on a 392-nucleotide PCR product in response to the agents. It was determined modification can occur at three out of four DNA bases. In order to test the agents and elucidate their mechanism of action, an <i>in vivo</i> model system was developed using …
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Transcription and mismatch repair in the mechanism of action of the anticancer drug cisplatin
… of cell lines both proficient and deficient in nucleotide excision repair allowed the examination of transcriptional bypass independent of excision repair for each platinum compound. A two to three fold higher level of transcription was observed in both cell lines from plasmids containing …
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Light-induced modulation of DNA recognition by the Rad4/XPC damage sensor protein.
… to use light to trigger changes in oligonucleotide structures (and thus their activities). This study utilizes photoconvertible nucleic acid to trigger the biological assembly/disassembly of DNA damage repair proteins on DNA. Specifically, this work focuses on photo-regulation of DNA …
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Residual restoration of DNA lesions in Deinococcus radiodurans mutants indicate presence of a bypass UV-repair process
The differing UV-susceptibility and UV-damage repair capability of the Deinococcus radiodurans strains and the hypothesis of a bypass repair system have been investigated. The results obtained provide evidence that UV radiation engenders synergistic effects in combination with other stressors like …
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Cisplatin-induced nucleosome and RNA polymerase II modification mediate cellular response to the drug
… the investigation of platinum-DNA damage by DNA repair processes and help elucidate the role of specific post-translational modification in NER of platinum-DNA adducts at the physiologically relevant nucleosome level. Chapter 3: Nucleotide Excision Repair of Site-Specifically Platinum-Modified …
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Repair of DNA-protein crosslinks in mammalian cells
… chain reaction (SSPE-qPCR) used to study the repair of DNA-protein crosslinks in mammalian cells. DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) are bulky lesions which disrupt important cell processes such as transcription and replication. They are formed by endogenous molecules such as formaldehyde and …
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XPD Helicase: Shifting the Inchworm Into Reverse
… the DNA processing events associated with DNA repair, replication, recombination, and transcription. Unresolved questions regarding DNA helicases include: (1) how is directional translocation determined in SF2 helicases; (2) do helicases use the mechanism for unwinding as they use for …
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The effect of single-stranded DNA binding protein RPA2 on XPD helicase processivity
… cellular functions, such as replicating and repairing DNA, not only extends our understanding of fundamental biology, but can also lead to important medical interventions. As a necessary first step to understanding larger systems, we focus on a two-protein system involved in DNA repair. …
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p53 nuclear localization control, and p53-dependent regulation of DNA repair gene transcripts
… target genes were revealed, among them the DNA repair gene ErccS, which encodes the xeroderma pigmentosum disease gene homolog Xpg, a participant in nucleotide excision repair and a mediator of base excision repair of oxidative DNA damage.
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Direct observation of XPD helicase base-pair stepping and regulation by RPA2
… XPD involved in transcription initiation and nucleotide excision repair and related helicases FANCJ, RTEL and CHLR1 involved in maintenance of the genomic integrity. First, we examined DNA unwinding by XPD helicase in isolation to understand the basic physicochemical process of DNA base pair …
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Aldehyde-driven transcriptional stress triggers an anorexic DNA damage response
… sources and must be counteracted by specialised repair pathways. Indeed, the absence of these pathways results in catastrophic human diseases. The biochemical steps and proteins involved with removal of damaged DNA from the genome are well characterised. However, the source of DNA damage for …
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The responses of cellular proteins to cisplatin-damaged DNA
… systems including several classes of DNA repair, transcription, cell cycle and cell death responses. Chapter one reviews the current information of how components of these pathways respond to cisplatin-DNA adducts and contribute to the cytotoxic mechanism of action. Chapters two and three …
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Étude de la réparation des lésions induites par les UVs dans les extrémités chromosomiques de la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… télomérique. Le mécanisme de réparation par excision de nucléotides (NER pour « Nucleotide Excision Repair ») permet d’éliminer les photoproduits. La NER est un mécanisme très bien conservé de la levure à l’humain. Elle est divisée en deux sous voies : une réparation globale du génome …
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Biological and functional consequences of polymorphisms in the XPD gene
… have documented many associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the nucleotide excision repair gene XPD (ERCC2) and cancer risk. Little is known, however, about the underlying mechanisms for these associations. I used lymphocytes from healthy subjects to explore novel …
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