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Showing 1 to 20 of 40 for “"Kidney stones"”.
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C-ARM TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGING TECHNIQUE FOR DETECTION OF KIDNEY STONES
… can be a painful problem due to presence of kidney stones. Kidney stone is among the common painful disorders of the urinary system. Various imaging modalities are used to diagnose patients with symptoms of renal or urinary tract disease such as plain kidney, ureter, bladder x-ray (KUB), …
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Nurse Practitioners' Use of Ultrasound to Diagnose Kidney Stones in the Emergency Department
Background: Kidney stones are a common, painful disorder that can affect as many as one of 11 people in the United States (Goldfarb & Arowojolu, 2013). The gold standard for diagnosing kidney stones is currently computed tomography (CT). However, because CT scans emit radiation during the exam, …
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Modeling Uric Acid Kidney Stones Disease in D. melanogaster using RNAi and Dietary Modulation
… major predictor for gout and forming uric acid kidney stones is elevated uric acid in the serum and urine respectively. It is known that uric acid is an end metabolite of purine degradation in humans, but in other species from <em>D. melanogaster </em>to lower apes,<em> </em>uric acid can be …
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Coherent Scatter Computed Tomography for Core Composition Analysis of Intact Kidney Stones - Prospective Clinical Study
… is the presence of urinary calculi (urinary stones) at any level along the excretory system. Establishing accurate and complete mineral composition of the stones is one of the main factors in deciding the best steps for therapy and recurrence prevention. Currently, infrared spectroscopy (IRS) …
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Physical, chemical and biological controls on the origin, crystallization and dissolution of human kidney stones
Kidney stones are mineral deposits in the renal system that afflict 1 in 11 people worldwide and the incidence and prevalence is increasing globally. Over 70% of stones are composed of calcium oxalate and other mineralogies include struvite, brushite, and apatite. Currently, stones are thought to …
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Association Of Kidney Stones With Chronic Disease Among Adults In The United States: Considerations By Race-Ethnicity
… conducted to describe the relationship between kidney stones and risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke in individuals of different race ethnicities. Purpose: the purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of co-morbidities and to investigate whether there was a statistically …
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Comparative Analysis of Kidney Stone Composition in Patients from Ghana and South Africa: Case Study of Kidney Stones from Accra and Cape Town
… of this study was to describe and compare the kidney stone composition of kidney stone patients receiving treatment at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Accra (Ghana) and Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH), Cape Town (South Africa). Methods: The study was a retrospective folder review of …
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Probiotics for the management of kidney stone disease
Kidney stones contain various combinations of chemicals, however, 80% consist of calcium oxalate. Oxalate in humans is either absorbed into the urinary tract and excreted in urine or degraded by gut bacteria. Oxalate-degrading gut bacteria play a critical role in human oxalate homeostasis, …
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Investigation of the effect of hydroxycitric acid on urinary calcium oxalate risk factors for kidney stone formation in artificial urine: theoretical modelling and in vitro crystallisation experiments
… or urolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, is a common medical problem. Kidney stones are composed of different mineral types. Calcium Oxalate is the most common kind of stone. The principal aim of this research was to establish whether hydroxycitrate (HCA) affects and/or …
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Motion analysis of flexible ureteroscopic techniques by urologic surgeons
Urologic surgeons, in order to surgically remove kidney stones from patients who suffer from this painful condition, perform a common procedure known as flexible ureteroscopy. During this operation, the surgeon will utilize a 3mm-diameter flexible camera passed through the urinary tract to …
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The isolation and partial characterization of rat kidney stone matrix induced by magnesium deficiency
… deficiency in rats has been employed to generate kidney stones in a relatively short period of time. Stones have been observed in situ and examined histochemically. Techniques have been devised for the isolation of the kidney stones and for the demineralization of the stones. The gross …
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Crystallization of calcium oxalate on molecularly imprinted polymer surfaces
… (CaOx) is the most common component of human kidney stones. Heterogeneous nucleation is regarded as the key mechanism in this process. As such, crystallization of this substance has been studied in several different model systems. However, molecular imprinting has not been previously used in …
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Biomarker analysis for APRT deficiency diagnosis using UPLC-MS/MS
… insoluble in urine and can precipitate and form kidney stones, which can cause acute and chronic kidney failure. The disease can be treated with the drugs allopurinol and febuxostat, which prevent the conversion of adenine to DHA and thus reduce formation of kidney stones in APRT deficiency …
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Dietry and microbiological investigation in South African black and white subjects as a key to understanding the difference in the incidence of kidney stone disease in the two race groups
Kidney stones occur in the South African white population to the same extent as in other westem countries. However, the incidence of this disease in the South African black population is extremely rare. In this thesis, investigations were undertaken to establish whether different renal handling …
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Rarity of kidney stones in South Africa's black population : studies of urinary macromolecules, crystal matrix extract containing osteopontin, and bone turnover markers in urine and serum from black and white subjects as a key to understanding this paradox
… factors contributing towards the rarity of kidney stone disease in the South African black population. Healthy, age-matched male subjects from the black and white population groups were recruited for this purpose. In several of the studies, subjects followed a standardized diet and were …
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Domain wall dynamics and neuronic crackling noise
… we show that biological samples, i.e. kidney stones, can be analysed with acoustic emission and related to the progression of mechanical avalanches. Discrepancies between strong and weak acoustic emission signals are shown to have separate avalanche exponents for a urate kidney stone, …
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Defining the role of 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase in hydroxyproline metabolism and primary hyperoxaluria
… can lead to the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones, renal calcium oxalate deposition, and in extreme cases renal failure. Recent evidence has shown that the degradation of 4-hydroxyproline (Hyp), generated from endogenous and dietary sources, leads to an increase in glycolate and …
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Characterization of the physiochemical and biochemical properties of the urinary protein bikunin in South African black and white subjects with respect to calcium oxalate kidney stone formation
… Western world are likely to suffer at least one kidney stone in their life. The incidence of kidney stone disease in South Africa is similar in white males; however stone occurrence in the South African black population is extremely rare. The difference between the incidences of kidney stones in …
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Robotic and haptic assistance for kidney access during percutaneous nephrolithotomy
… is a minimally invasive procedure for removing kidney stones. Gaining kidney access is the most challenging task in this procedure and the cause of many complications. This thesis presents semi-autonomous solutions for improving PCNL procedure outcomes. First, a cyber-physical PCNL simulator …
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Molecular Studies to Investigate 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate Metabolism Defects of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3
… (PH) is marked by recurrent calcium oxalate kidney stones that form due to the overproduction of oxalate in the liver. PH is caused by mutations affecting enzymes involved in hydroxyproline and glyoxylate metabolism. Of the three PH types, the third type, PH3, is the most recently classified …
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