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Showing 1 to 20 of 25 for “"Enzyme complexes"”.
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Structural Characterization of the Flavonoid Enzyme Complex
… as a model system for the study of multi-enzyme complexes. The goal of the work presented here was to structurally characterize a series of loss-of-function chalcone synthase (CHS) alleles and to define the molecular basis of the interaction between CHS and the second enzyme of flavonoid …
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Proteomic Analysis of the Flavonoid Biosynthetic Machinery in Arabidopsis Thaliana
… are often, if not always, organized as multienzyme complexes. Enzyme complexes have the potential to increase catalytic efficiency and provide unique mechanisms for the regulation of cellular metabolism. The flavonoid biosynthetic pathway of Arabidopsis is an excellent model for studying the …
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Solution Structure and Characterization of Lipid Binding of the NOXO1β PX Domain
The NADPH oxidases are multiprotein enzyme complexes which catalyze the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The most studied of these is the phagocytic NADPH oxidase (PHOX), which is found in neutrophils, macrophages and monocytes. The PHOX enzyme plays a role in the host immune response …
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Design and synthesis of substituted cyclopropanes as conformationally restrained dipeptide mimics
… and biologists is the process by which enzymes recognize and bind substrates in the catalytic process. The relationship of peptide structure to properties and biological activity is the most important aspect of studies of molecular recognition. Enzyme binding studies are complicated …
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Structural and functional analysis of a phospho-dependent molecular switch: Rv1827 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
… of the FHA domain to each of three metabolic enzyme complexes regulates their catalytic activities but does not require priming phosphorylation. However, phosphorylation of a threonine residue within a conserved N-terminal motif of Rv1827 triggers its intramolecular association with the FHA …
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Synchrony of harmony and chaos in a dynamic, bacterial riboregulatory machine
… of RNA lifetimes are often found to form multi-enzyme complexes, suggesting a common requirement to colocalise their activities to meet the demands of RNA metabolism 1,2. In diverse bacterial lineages, these multi-enzyme complexes, referred to as “RNA degradosomes”, are composed of …
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Characterization of diazotrophs containing Mo-independent nitrogenases from diverse natural environments
… may provide clues as to the importance of these enzyme complexes in the nitrogen cycle.
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Genetic and Biochemical Properties of Arabidopsis RNA Polymerases IV and V
… IV and V: Pol IV and Pol V) are plant-specific enzyme complexes with subunit homology to RNA Polymerase II: Pol II). The largest subunits in Pol IV and Pol V, NRPD1 and NRPE1 respectively, share a second largest subunit, NRPD2/NRPE2. The evolutionarily conserved Metal A and Metal B binding sites …
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The effect of hybridization on metabolism and hypoxia tolerance in sunfish
… and mitochondrial-encoded subunits of the enzyme complexes of oxidative phosphorylation. In my thesis, I examined metabolic properties and hypoxia tolerance of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), pumpkinseed (L. gibbosus), and their unidirectional F1 hybrids (male bluegill x female …
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The use of enzyme catalysts in organic media for the synthesis of biodegradable polyesters
The enzyme catalysed polytransesterification of diesters with diols was investigated under various conditions. The most consistent results were obtained using crude porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) suspended in anhydrous diethyl ether. Addition of molecular sieve to the above system gave higher …
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Lipoic acid protein ligases in Plasmodium spp.
… screening approaches of inhibitors for these enzymes. Lipoic acid, also known as 6,8-thioctic acid, is an essential cofactor of alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes (KADH) and the glycine cleavage system (GCV). The KADH include the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), branched chain alpha-keto …
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Combined bioreaction and separation in centrifugal fields
… of dextran and fructose by the action of the enzyme dextransucrase on sucrose was employed to elucidate some of the principles of this type of process. Dextran is a valuable pharmaceutical product used mainly as a blood volume expander and blood flow improver whilst fructose is an important …
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Solution Conformations and Structural Thermodynamics of Type I DNA Polymerases from Escherichia coli and Thermus aquaticus
… differences in the overall structure of these enzymes and enzyme complexes within a solution environment. These studies address the orientation of the 5’ nuclease domain with respect the polymerase domain (elongated or compact) for the full-length polymerases, and the binding mode …
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Regulation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Starch Synthase IIa by Protein Phosphorylation
… through the coordinated actions of several enzymes, including ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), starch synthases (SS), starch branching enzymes (SBE) and debranching enzymes (DBE). Starch synthase IIa (SSIIa) catalyzes the synthesis of intermediate glucan chains (DP 12-25) and plays a …
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Structural studies of metalloenzyme complexes in acetogenic carbon fixation
… from CO₂. This process requires several metalloenzymes that employ transition metals such as iron, nickel, and cobalt towards the production of acetyl-CoA, the final product. In one stage of the pathway, the cobalt-containing B₁₂ cofactor harbored by the corrinoid iron-sulfur protein (CFeSP) …
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Cytochrome c oxidase mediates the regulation of mitochondrial function in an in vitro model of Huntington's disease
… and functional changes of respiratory chain enzyme complexes. The data shown here manifested the effect of 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA), a mitochondrial toxin and in vitro model of Huntington’s disease (HD), on mitochondrial regulation and function which adds another evidence for COX as a …
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Age-Related Deficits in Electron Transport Chain Complexes in Rat Neurons and 3xTg-AD Mouse Neurons
… endogenous substrates or a failure of upstream complexes to transport electrons to complex IV with age, ultimately leading to age-related neurodegeneration. Reactive oxygen species production may add to the problem by degrading macromolecules such as nucleic acid, cardiolipin, and proteins. …
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CAVEOLAE AS SPATIO-TEMPORAL COMPARTMENTS FOR ROS/RNS GENERATION AND NITROXIDATIVE STRESS SIGNALING
… previous studies showed that both NADPH oxidase enzyme complexes and eNOS localize to endothelial caveolae microdomains. Additionally, caveolae internalization has been shown as an activating mechanism for enzyme eNOS. However, roles of caveolae in ROS/RNS generation and downstream signaling …
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Macromolecular organization of flavonoid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
… kinetic properties of most proteins, including enzymes, are different in vivo as compared to in vitro. Based on in vitro studies metabolic pathways have traditionally been thought to consist of intermediates randomly diffusing between soluble enzymes and are still portrayed as such in many …
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Comparative analysis of molecular interaction networks : the interplay between spatial and functional organizing principles
… proteins forming permanent or transient multi-enzyme complexes. Inspecting high-throughput PIN data, it has been shown recently that, indeed, enzymes involved in successive reactions are generally more likely to interact than other protein pairs. In this study, we expanded this line of research …
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