Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 35 for “"Chemoreceptor"”.
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CHEMICAL AND KINETIC STUDIES OF BACTERIAL TRANSPORT AND CHEMORECEPTOR PROTEINS
The L-arabinose-binding protein, an essential component of the high affinity L-arabinose transport system of Escherichia coli, forms a covalent adduct with the chromophoric probe 2-chloromercuri-4-nitrophenol (MNP) at a single site, cysteine residue 64. The addition of L-arabinose to MNP-modified …
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Chemotactic Sensory Transduction in Bacillus Subtilis: A New Enzyme and a New Pathway
… system (PTS) in E. coli is accomplished using a chemoreceptor-independent signaling circuit in which phosphoryl flux through the PTS is monitored and used directly to modulate the activity of the chemotactic kinase. In contrast, chemotaxis towards PTS carbohydrates by B. subtilis requires the …
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Exploring the Structural Dynamics of Bacterial Chemotaxis
… of the chemotaxis pathway are transmembrane chemoreceptors, which bind attractant ligands in the periplasmic domain and transmit ligand occupancy information through the cytoplasmic domain to inhibit a downstream histidine kinase that regulates motor control. Receptors are hypothesized to …
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Characterization of the Chemoreceptors in the Bacillus Subtilis Chemotaxis System
Physical characterization of the chemoreceptors was probed by identification of a zinc ion binding area, using isothermal titration calorimetry. In addition, in vivo chemotactic assays showed that altering the charges of the methylation sites on the chemoreceptors can have a significant effect on …
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Modeling Post Stroke Respiratory Dysfunction, Apneas and Cognitive Decline
… disrupts basal breathing rather than increasing chemoreceptor gain. Therefore, we predict treatments designed to stimulate breathing independent of chemoreceptor gain will improve respiratory instability, behavior, cognition and mortality. Systemic application of acetazolamide eliminated apneas …
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Afferents integration and neural adaptive control of breathing
… rat brainstem integrate central and peripheral chemoreceptor afferent signals in a hypoadditive manner. Such nonlinear interaction evidences classical (Pavlovian) conditioning of chemoreceptor inputs that modulate the respiratory rhythm and motor output. These findings demonstrate a powerful …
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Neural processing of chemosensory information from the locust ovipositor
Contact chemoreceptors (basiconic sensilla) located on the ovipositor and genital segments of the locust serve to control the chemical features of the substrate before and during oviposition. They occur dispersed and also crowded in fields between mechanosensory exteroceptors sensitive to touch or …
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Neurons projecting to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus are activated and contribute to cardiorespiratory responses to systemic acute hypoxia
Activation of peripheral and central chemoreceptors contributes to homeostatic responses that maintain optimal blood gas levels, including oxygen and carbon dioxide. Brainstem neurons in the nTS and CVLM integrate and modulate chemosensory information and participate in control of cardiorespiratory …
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Transcriptome and Functional Analysis of Carotid Body Glomus Cells
<p>The carotid body (CB) is a major arterial chemoreceptor containing glomus cells that are activated by changes in arterial blood contents including oxygen. Despite significant advancement in the characterization of their physiological properties, our understanding on the underlying molecular …
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Molecular evolution of a superfamily of chemoreceptors in Musca domestica and Ceratitis capitata
… species of Drosophila retain higher diversity of chemoreceptor genes as compared to the rapid loss characteristic of specialists, but the same may not be true of other dipterans. Here the odorant receptor subfamily in M. domestica and the gustatory receptor subfamily in C. capitata were annotated, …
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Elucidation of the Specificity of S. meliloti Chemoreceptors for Host Derived Attractants
… meliloti, and identification of the bacterium's chemoreceptors that perceive the signals can aid in propagating the symbiosis more efficiently, thus leading to greater crop yields. Investigations here focus on discovering alfalfa derived attractant signals and matching them to their respective …
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Density-Dependent Foraging in Caenorhabditis Elegans
… I extend these findings by showing that a second chemoreceptor, srx-44, is also a component of the initial QTL. A gain-in-function in srx-44 contributes to reduced icas#9 sensitivity in the wild isolates that have reduced expression of srx-43. Through the use of transgenic animals and …
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PAS Signaling Mechanisms in Aer and Aer2
… receptor Aer from Escherichia coli and the Aer2 chemoreceptor from Pseudomonas aeruginosa both contain PAS domains. Aer senses oxygen (O2) indirectly via an FAD cofactor bound to its PAS domain, while Aer2 directly binds O2 to its PAS b-type heme cofactor. The Aer and Aer2 PAS domains both …
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Evolution of the Gr family of gustatory and odorant receptors in mosquitoes
… comprises most of the diversity in the insect chemoreceptor superfamily, including within it not only taste receptors, but select olfactory receptors as well. Manual annotation of the Gr family in the genome sequence of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti Linnaeus, yielded a total of 114 …
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The nature of host plant recruitment by the sensory repertoire of Sinorhizobium meliloti
… to carboxylates. Chapter 5 examines McpX – the chemoreceptor already known to be a sensor of quaternary ammonium compounds. This is a structural investigation into the binding of McpX to its ligands. A crystal structure of the ligand binding region of the protein is resolved to understand how …
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Development and Mechanism of Oxygen Sensitivity in Caudal Hypothalamic Neurons
… P12 and continued throughout P56. Peripheral chemoreceptor input was not required for this increase since a similar increase in the density of Fos protein induced by hypoxia was observed following section of the carotid sinus nerves in a subset of rats. Similarly, caudal hypothalamic neurons …
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Chemical communication in a declining North American anuran amphibian, the northern leopard frog (lithobates pipiens)
… anuran behavioral responses. Additionally, chemoreceptor (CR) genes have only been identified for Xenopus species with no previous identifications for any other adult anuran species. Here, I examine the evolutionary and functional implications of northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens) …
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Activation of 5-HT1A Receptors in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Facilitate Ventilatory Responses to Hypoxic Hypercapnia and Promote Sympathetic Recovery Following Hypotensive Hemorrhage
… responses to hemorrhage, and peripheral chemoreceptor stimulation. Thus, we propose that serotonin is released in the NTS during hemorrhage to activate 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptors which facilitate chemoreflex responses. We utilized viral-mediated knockdown of the rat 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> …
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The Roles of Ca2+ and cAMP in the Nematocyst Discharge of the Sea Anemone Tentacle
… by two or more supporting cells that have chemoreceptors and possibly contact-sensitive mechanoreceptors (CSMs). Therefore, the cnidocyte/supporting cell complex (CSCC) controls nematocyst discharge.</p> <p>This project explores the chemoreceptor signaling pathway controlling nematocyst …
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Dilution acidosis : the effects of hyperosmolality on acid-base balance and ventilation
… intracellular pH was not directly measured in chemoreceptor tissue, it is reasonable to assume that such well-perfused tissue would be exposed to any osmotic stress. Reversal of the intracellular alkalosis during hyperosmolality by DIDS and amiloride, so that both extra- and intracellular pH …
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