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Showing 1 to 20 of 214 for “"Bioavailable"”.
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Bioavailable Iron in Equatorial Pacific Ocean Aerosol Samples
Oceanic iron (Fe) fertilization experiments performed in remote regions have established that Fe additions draw carbon into the ocean, at least over the months-long time frame of the experiments. However, the mechanisms that control Fe speciation in atmospheric aerosol particles before and after …
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Combined effects of bioavailable organic contaminants in the aquatic environment.
In contrast to conventional spot or bottle water sampling techniques, passive sampling has been shown to be a reliable and efficient method for monitoring the toxicologically-relevant, freely-dissolved (e.g. bioavaialable) concentrations of a wide range of organic contaminants in water. At the same …
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Design and Synthesis of Orally Bioavailable Sphingosine Kinase 2 Selective Inhibitors
… of our SphK2-selective inhibitors into an orally bioavailable drug. We explain how the guanidine functionality on our inhibitor scaffold hinders our compounds from being orally bioavailable. Consequently, a library of 24 derivatives with various modifications to the guanidine functionality was …
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Measuring Bioavailable Copper in Estuarine Waters using an Ion Exchange Resin
… exchange resin has been operationally defined as bioavailable copper, or copper that is available for uptake by aquatic organisms. Initial laboratory testing indicated that the percent of copper bound to the resin did not differ between a freshwater solution (pH 6.5 buffered with 30 mg/L as …
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Effects of Low Bioavailable Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Cyanobacteria Dynamics in Eutrophic Lake Erie
The growth and abundance of phytoplankton in freshwater lakes has long been attributed to the concentration of phosphorus (P), and this idea of P-limitation has been a paradigm accepted by limnologists. Hence, lake managers have relied on the strategy of reducing P to restore water quality of …
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Comparison of Potential Bioavailable Organic Carbon and Microbial Characterization of Two Carbon Amended Sites
… aquifer sediment. This study compared potential bioavailable organic carbon (PBOC) and microbial diversity of two ERB sites. A two-sample t-test and a one-way ANOVA test with Tukey's HSD were performed to show differences between ERB and non-ERB samples and their degree of variability at selected …
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Spatial Relationships Between Potential Bioavailable Organic Carbon and Sediment Grain Size at a Chlorinated Solvent-Contaminated Site
… The variability and distribution of potential bioavailable organic carbon (PBOC) at a site is relatively unknown and any potential relationships between PBOC and the physical properties of the aquifer sediment have not been evaluated. Exploring relationships between the grain size of aquifer …
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Optical Signatures of Bioavailable and Terrigenous Dissolved Organic Matter Across Long Island Sound and Hudson River Estuaries
<p>Optical measurements, from <em>in situ</em> to satellite-based sensors, provide a powerful framework for examining the sources, sinks, and transport pathways of dissolved organic matter (DOM) across the land–ocean aquatic continuum. By integrating observations across spatial and temporal scales, …
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Further evaluation of a slope-ratio precision-fed rooster assay for relative bioavailable energy values for fats and oils
… increasing dietary levels to determine relative bioavailable energy values. In Experiment 1, roosters were precision-fed 0, 5, or 10% of five different fats as part of a ground corn diet totaling 30 g of diet per rooster. Refined soy oil (the reference oil), poultry fat, crude soy oil, crude corn …
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Sustainability of Reductive Dechlorination at Chlorinated Solvent Contaminated Sites: Metrics for Assessing Potentially Bioavailable Natural Organic Carbon in Aquifer Sediments
… carbon, operationally defined as potentially bioavailable organic carbon (PBOC), may be a critical component related to sustaining reductive dechlorination at MNA sites. The objective of this study was to evaluate PBOC as a quantitative measure of the labile organic carbon fraction of aquifer …
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Evaluation of Chelex 100 and Assessing the Impact of Fulvic Acid (NOM) on Copper Toxicity and Bioavailability to Americamysis bahia
… was investigated for its ability to measure bioavailable copper in estuarine waters. Copper bound to the Chelex 100 resin was operationally defined as bioavailable copper. Varying initial copper concentration from 195 to 495 ug/L at a constant 12.5 mg/L natural organic matter (NOM) did not …
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Available fluoride ion in solution and one minute fluoride release rate of a toothpaste formulation
… remineralization. For remineralization to occur, bioavailable calcium, phosphate, and fluoride ions must be present at the surface of the tooth. Toothpaste products supply bioavailable fluoride ions to the oral cavity. Calcium and phosphate ions are supplied primarily through the saliva, but in …
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Utilization of Amino Acids in Corn Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles (Ddgs) by Pigs and Poultry and the Use of Reactive Lysine Procedures to Evaluate DDGS Quality
… unreactive Lys, although only reactive Lys is bioavailable. Ileal digestibility of Lys in DDGS estimated using reactive Lys or conventional ileal digestibility procedure was, therefore, measured using cannulated growing pigs. The average SID of reactive Lys was 66.9%, which is close to the …
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Interrelationships Among Sulfur Amino Acids, Choline and Betaine in the Chicken: Effects on Betaine-Homocysteine Methyltransferase Activity, Homocysteine Utilization and Choline Bioavailability
… Multiple linear regression analysis indicated bioavailable choline concentrations of 2.0 and 3.5% for FL and DL, respectively. In Assay 2, weight gain of chicks increased linearly $(P<0.01)$ with increasing concentrations of choline from choline chloride, SBM, CM or PM. Multiple linear …
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Evaluation of modified montmorillonites in poultry diets
… and to determine if the modified MONTs would be bioavailable mineral sources. Cu-MONT ameliorated the growth depressing effects of AF, and the deleterious effects of AF on relative organ weights. Results suggest that Cu-MONT was partially effective in ameliorating the toxic effects of AF in …
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Bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in coastal waters
… (Scotland) and the Ría de Vigo (Spain). The bioavailable DOM (BDOM) varied temporally at both stations and controlled the seasonal variations in DOM. Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) was found to be more bioavailable than dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and DON was more bioavailable …
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Intestinal Uptake of Carotenoids: Implications for Carotenoid Bioavailability
… hypothesis that cis-isomers of lycopene are more bioavailable. When bile acid micelles were prepared in vitro from crystalline lycopene, cis-isomers of lycopene were significantly enriched in the optically-clear micelle preparation. Mesenteric lymph duct cannulated ferrets were used to study the …
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Impacts of microbial activity on trace metal behavior during the bioremediation of phenanthrene-contaminated soils
… the more labile and mobile, and potentially more bioavailable metal species. Phenanthrene removal by P. frequentans was optimised in terms of both soil water and nutrient composition. Slightly lower removal rates were obtained using P. frequentans alone (73%) and plants alone (67%). However, the …
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Between a rock and a hard place: the chemistry, biology, and lability of glacial meltwaters in the American West
… Glacier meltwaters had higher proportions of bioavailable compounds compared with rock glaciers. A smaller portion of DOM from rock glaciers was bioavailable, but both glacial types are enriching alpine headwaters with bioavailable DOM that can support heterotrophic production. Due to the high …
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