Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 182 for “"Background knowledge"”.
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Incorporating background knowledge in document clustering
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Computer Science, 2010
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Background knowledge in learning-based relation extraction
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Effects of background knowledge on category construction
Six experiments investigated the effects of background knowledge on category construction. In category construction tasks, subjects are commonly given a set of instances and asked to sort the instances into two groups. Although natural categories seem to have a family resemblance (FR) structure, …
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Information access and retieval with semantic background knowledge
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Media Arts & Sciences, 1995.
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Predictive Statistical Monitoring(Improvements on online learning and background knowledge)
… predictability. Another contribution is to use background knowledge(BK) to enhance the prediction capability of a system while running the monitor online. It was demonstrated that BK contributes positively to increasing the prediction zone while decreasing the error. We also suggested that the …
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Building background knowledge in science: English language learners, sheltered instruction, and first graders
… one component of Sheltered Instruction, building background knowledge, was used to teach science in a first grade classroom to see if it could increase the science comprehension of ELLs. Many strategies were used to teach vocabulary during the first four days of each science unit. These strategies …
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Text mining with exploitation of user's background knowledge : discovering novel association rules from text
… to find interesting and non-trivial patterns or knowledge from unstructured documents. Both objective and subjective measures have been proposed in the literature to evaluate the interestingness of discovered patterns. However, objective measures alone are insufficient because such measures do …
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An Analysis of Virginia's High School Principals Educational Background, Knowledge and Perceptions Related to Special Education
… Virginia 's high school principals' educational background and knowledge related to special education, and, their perceptions of special education and their supervisory skills. Surveys using a Likert scale response format were mailed to 299 principals. Ninety-eight surveys were returned for a …
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Sentence processing in Spanish as a second language: A study of context, background knowledge and word order
… lexical semantics, a type of word-level prior knowledge, can override the tendency of second language learners to assign. The present study investigates whether context and background knowledge, like lexical semantics, can override this first-noun strategy when cues are in conflict. For …
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Explaining Data Patterns using Knowledge from the Web of Data
Knowledge Discovery (KD) is a long-tradition field aiming at developing methodologies to detect hidden patterns and regularities in large datasets, using techniques from a wide range of domains, such as statistics, machine learning, pattern recognition or data visualisation. In most real world …
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Understanding stories via event sequence modeling
… actions, entities and emotions, as well as background knowledge. In this thesis, towards the goal of building a NLU system that can model what has happened in stories and predict what would happen in the future, we contribute on three fronts: First, we investigate the optimal way to model …
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Effects of story grammar on reading comprehension of L2 readers of French
… decade. A schema-theoretic view of reading acknowledges the role of the reader as an active participant whose background knowledge allows him or her to reconstruct meaning from a text. Background knowledge is not only linguistic, but includes knowledge of the content area of a given text, as …
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Math Remediation for High School Freshmen
… 2. This study concentrates on the student background knowledge of mathematics, which is among the causes associated with this problem, and proposes remediation. As such, a mathematics remediation course is designed and implemented for a select number of incoming freshmen. This study …
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Faceted Lightweight Ontologies: a Formalization and some Experiments
… ontologies from their informal ones; the lack of background knowledge needed for the formal lightweight ontologies; and the limitation of ontology reuse. In this dissertation, we propose a novel solution to these problems in formal lightweight ontologies; namely, faceted lightweight ontology …
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Knowledge and Perception of The Role of Targeted Ultrasound In Detecting Down Syndrome Among A High Risk Population
… this study was to determine the perception and knowledge of targeted ultrasound in women who screen positive for Down syndrome in the first or second trimester, and to assess the perceived detection rate of Down syndrome by targeted ultrasound in this population. While several studies have …
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THE EFFECTS OF READER CHARACTERISTICS, TEXT FEATURES, AND COMPREHENSION PROCESSES ON READING COMPREHENSION
… as well as a researcher-developed test of background knowledge. The results indicated that reader characteristics including vocabulary, background knowledge, working memory and reading fluency were the most influential in explaining variation in reading comprehension item performance. …
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Identifying item and attribute associations with course outcomes in gateway mathematics courses
… topics: the extent to which mathematical background knowledge predicts mathematics course outcomes, to what extent course outcomes are different for corequisite college algebra students, and the effect of student status (first generation, underrepresented minority, low socioeconomic …
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The role of key visuals in improving listening comprehension for English as a second language students
… Research on comprehension suggests that background knowledge plays a role in understanding. This background knowledge may consist of knowledge of the topic, linguistic knowledge or familiarity with the form of the information being presented. Studies have shown that preparing students for …
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Outcomes-Based Education and under-resourced schools : an evaluative study
… like all other systems, need love, interest, background knowledge to learners as well as educators and proper resources for backing up the learning process. Educators' success in OBE depends on conditions of the country and circumstances like geographical locations that lead to imbalance of …
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Knowledge driven approaches to e-learning recommendation.
… causes a semantic gap. Learners lack sufficient knowledge about the domain they are trying to learn about, so are unable to assemble effective keywords that identify what they wish to learn. This problem presents an intent gap. The work presented in this thesis focuses on addressing the semantic …
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