{"id":{"repo_id":"wvu","oai_identifier":"oai:researchrepository.wvu.edu:etd-2596"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/wvu/oai:researchrepository.wvu.edu:etd-2596","repository":{"repo_id":"wvu","name":"West Virginia University","base_url":"https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Effects of morphine, d-amphetamine, and food deprivation on temporally organized behavior","abstract":"Two experiments examined the effects of morphine and d-amphetamine on behavior that was temporally organized under several schedule arrangements. Two body weights were assessed for each experiment. Experiment 1 made use of fixed-interval (FI) schedules, the peak procedure, and a two-key (free-operant psychophysical) procedure. Indexes of timing performance under each of these schedules were assessed and compared. Timing indexes were decreased by both drugs in the two-key procedure, but were not reliably altered in the peak procedure. Both drugs produced clear rate-dependent effects on behavior in both procedures. In Experiment 2, FI performance was assessed both alone and with a concurrently available variable-interval (VI) schedule to determine whether drugs would cause a pigeon to leave a potential source of reinforcement early in order to respond to a future source of reinforcement. Although reductions in the index of curvature were obtained, there was no clear difference in FI performance based on whether or not a VI schedule was concurrently available. The results of Experiment 1 are inconsistent with the theory of a sped-up pacemaker, but are consistent with explanations involving a decrease in attention. The data also are consistent with the rate-dependency hypothesis, which states that rates of responding following drug administration tend to be determined in large part by rates of responding under baseline conditions.","abstract_html":"Two experiments examined the effects of morphine and d-amphetamine on behavior that was temporally organized under several schedule arrangements. Two body weights were assessed for each experiment. Experiment 1 made use of fixed-interval (FI) schedules, the peak procedure, and a two-key (free-operant psychophysical) procedure. Indexes of timing performance under each of these schedules were assessed and compared. Timing indexes were decreased by both drugs in the two-key procedure, but were not reliably altered in the peak procedure. Both drugs produced clear rate-dependent effects on behavior in both procedures. In Experiment 2, FI performance was assessed both alone and with a concurrently available variable-interval (VI) schedule to determine whether drugs would cause a pigeon to leave a potential source of reinforcement early in order to respond to a future source of reinforcement. Although reductions in the index of curvature were obtained, there was no clear difference in FI performance based on whether or not a VI schedule was concurrently available. The results of Experiment 1 are inconsistent with the theory of a sped-up pacemaker, but are consistent with explanations involving a decrease in attention. The data also are consistent with the rate-dependency hypothesis, which states that rates of responding following drug administration tend to be determined in large part by rates of responding under baseline conditions.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Knealing, Todd William"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"PhD","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["David W. Schaal."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2002,"date_issued":"2002-05-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2002-05-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:15:55Z","subjects":["Behavioral psychology","Experimental psychology","Pharmacology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/1593"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/1593","href":"https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/1593","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.1593","outbound_label":"DOI","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["David W. Schaal."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Knealing, Todd William"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2019-01-17T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["PhD"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Behavioral psychology","Experimental psychology","Pharmacology"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.1593","https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/1593"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Two experiments examined the effects of morphine and d-amphetamine on behavior that was temporally organized under several schedule arrangements. Two body weights were assessed for each experiment. Experiment 1 made use of fixed-interval (FI) schedules, the peak procedure, and a two-key (free-operant psychophysical) procedure. Indexes of timing performance under each of these schedules were assessed and compared. Timing indexes were decreased by both drugs in the two-key procedure, but were not reliably altered in the peak procedure. Both drugs produced clear rate-dependent effects on behavior in both procedures. In Experiment 2, FI performance was assessed both alone and with a concurrently available variable-interval (VI) schedule to determine whether drugs would cause a pigeon to leave a potential source of reinforcement early in order to respond to a future source of reinforcement. Although reductions in the index of curvature were obtained, there was no clear difference in FI performance based on whether or not a VI schedule was concurrently available. The results of Experiment 1 are inconsistent with the theory of a sped-up pacemaker, but are consistent with explanations involving a decrease in attention. The data also are consistent with the rate-dependency hypothesis, which states that rates of responding following drug administration tend to be determined in large part by rates of responding under baseline conditions."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effects of morphine, d-amphetamine, and food deprivation on temporally organized behavior"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["David W. Schaal."],"dc:creator":["Knealing, Todd William"],"dc:date.available":["2019-01-17T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Two experiments examined the effects of morphine and d-amphetamine on behavior that was temporally organized under several schedule arrangements. Two body weights were assessed for each experiment. Experiment 1 made use of fixed-interval (FI) schedules, the peak procedure, and a two-key (free-operant psychophysical) procedure. Indexes of timing performance under each of these schedules were assessed and compared. Timing indexes were decreased by both drugs in the two-key procedure, but were not reliably altered in the peak procedure. Both drugs produced clear rate-dependent effects on behavior in both procedures. In Experiment 2, FI performance was assessed both alone and with a concurrently available variable-interval (VI) schedule to determine whether drugs would cause a pigeon to leave a potential source of reinforcement early in order to respond to a future source of reinforcement. Although reductions in the index of curvature were obtained, there was no clear difference in FI performance based on whether or not a VI schedule was concurrently available. The results of Experiment 1 are inconsistent with the theory of a sped-up pacemaker, but are consistent with explanations involving a decrease in attention. The data also are consistent with the rate-dependency hypothesis, which states that rates of responding following drug administration tend to be determined in large part by rates of responding under baseline conditions."],"dc:identifier":["https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.1593","https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/1593"],"dc:subject":["Behavioral psychology","Experimental psychology","Pharmacology"],"dc:title":["Effects of morphine, d-amphetamine, and food deprivation on temporally organized behavior"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["PhD"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:15:55Z"}