In a recent cross-sectional study, as has been found in numerous previous studies, Sommers et al.: 2011) found that age-related declines in hearing, as assessed by pure-tone thresholds, begin around age 20 and continue across the lifespan. In another article published from the same cross-sectional dataset, Hale et al.: 2011) found that working memory ability also begins declining around age 20 and continues throughout life. The present study is a longitudinal follow-up of these two studies in which a sub-sample of older adults: ≥65 years old at the time of original testing approximately four years ago) were re-tested on sensory and cognitive measures. The goal was to examine the extent to which older adults experience longitudinal declines on sensory and cognitive abilities over a relatively short period of time, and whether declines in one domain accompany declines in the other. In reference to sensory abilities, participants experienced declines for pure-tone thresholds and speech perception in noise. Additionally, they experienced declines for most cognitive abilities. They did not experience declines on the two simple verbal working memory tasks or on the two visuospatial processing speed tasks. Despite extensive longitudinal sensory and cognitive declines, there was only partial evidence for a common cause underlying these declines. Given the paucity of longitudinal studies investigating these abilities, the present results provide important information about the sensory-cognitive profile of aging.
","abstract_html":"<p>In a recent cross-sectional study, as has been found in numerous previous studies, Sommers et al.: 2011) found that age-related declines in hearing, as assessed by pure-tone thresholds, begin around age 20 and continue across the lifespan. In another article published from the same cross-sectional dataset, Hale et al.: 2011) found that working memory ability also begins declining around age 20 and continues throughout life. The present study is a longitudinal follow-up of these two studies in which a sub-sample of older adults: ≥65 years old at the time of original testing approximately four years ago) were re-tested on sensory and cognitive measures. The goal was to examine the extent to which older adults experience longitudinal declines on sensory and cognitive abilities over a relatively short period of time, and whether declines in one domain accompany declines in the other. In reference to sensory abilities, participants experienced declines for pure-tone thresholds and speech perception in noise. Additionally, they experienced declines for most cognitive abilities. They did not experience declines on the two simple verbal working memory tasks or on the two visuospatial processing speed tasks. Despite extensive longitudinal sensory and cognitive declines, there was only partial evidence for a common cause underlying these declines. Given the paucity of longitudinal studies investigating these abilities, the present results provide important information about the sensory-cognitive profile of aging.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Bauer, Melanie Storm"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Arts (MA)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Mitchell Sommers"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-08-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2012-08-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:13:55Z","subjects":["aging","memory","hearing","Psychology"],"languages":["English (en)"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["https://doi.org/10.7936/K75Q4T7M"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://doi.org/10.7936/K75Q4T7M","href":"https://doi.org/10.7936/K75Q4T7M","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1033","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Mitchell Sommers"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Bauer, Melanie Storm"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2015-08-07T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Arts (MA)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["aging","memory","hearing","Psychology"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English (en)"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1033"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["https://doi.org/10.7936/K75Q4T7M"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["In a recent cross-sectional study, as has been found in numerous previous studies, Sommers et al.: 2011) found that age-related declines in hearing, as assessed by pure-tone thresholds, begin around age 20 and continue across the lifespan. In another article published from the same cross-sectional dataset, Hale et al.: 2011) found that working memory ability also begins declining around age 20 and continues throughout life. The present study is a longitudinal follow-up of these two studies in which a sub-sample of older adults: ≥65 years old at the time of original testing approximately four years ago) were re-tested on sensory and cognitive measures. The goal was to examine the extent to which older adults experience longitudinal declines on sensory and cognitive abilities over a relatively short period of time, and whether declines in one domain accompany declines in the other. In reference to sensory abilities, participants experienced declines for pure-tone thresholds and speech perception in noise. Additionally, they experienced declines for most cognitive abilities. They did not experience declines on the two simple verbal working memory tasks or on the two visuospatial processing speed tasks. Despite extensive longitudinal sensory and cognitive declines, there was only partial evidence for a common cause underlying these declines. Given the paucity of longitudinal studies investigating these abilities, the present results provide important information about the sensory-cognitive profile of aging.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Sensory and Cognitive Declines in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Mitchell Sommers"],"dc:creator":["Bauer, Melanie Storm"],"dc:date.available":["2015-08-07T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["In a recent cross-sectional study, as has been found in numerous previous studies, Sommers et al.: 2011) found that age-related declines in hearing, as assessed by pure-tone thresholds, begin around age 20 and continue across the lifespan. In another article published from the same cross-sectional dataset, Hale et al.: 2011) found that working memory ability also begins declining around age 20 and continues throughout life. The present study is a longitudinal follow-up of these two studies in which a sub-sample of older adults: ≥65 years old at the time of original testing approximately four years ago) were re-tested on sensory and cognitive measures. The goal was to examine the extent to which older adults experience longitudinal declines on sensory and cognitive abilities over a relatively short period of time, and whether declines in one domain accompany declines in the other. In reference to sensory abilities, participants experienced declines for pure-tone thresholds and speech perception in noise. Additionally, they experienced declines for most cognitive abilities. They did not experience declines on the two simple verbal working memory tasks or on the two visuospatial processing speed tasks. Despite extensive longitudinal sensory and cognitive declines, there was only partial evidence for a common cause underlying these declines. Given the paucity of longitudinal studies investigating these abilities, the present results provide important information about the sensory-cognitive profile of aging.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1033"],"dc:identifier.doi":["https://doi.org/10.7936/K75Q4T7M"],"dc:language":["English (en)"],"dc:subject":["aging","memory","hearing","Psychology"],"dc:title":["Sensory and Cognitive Declines in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Arts (MA)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:13:55Z"}