{"id":{"repo_id":"woods-hole","oai_identifier":"oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/5136"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/woods-hole/oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/5136","repository":{"repo_id":"woods-hole","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute","base_url":"https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The centennial and millennial variability of the IndoPacific Warm Pool and the Indonesian Throughflow","abstract":"As the only low-latitude connection between ocean basins, the Indonesian Throughflow allows the direct transmission of heat and salinity between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The Mg/Ca and δ18O of calcite of Globigerinoides ruber (G. ruber) were used to estimate the sea surface temperature (SST) and δ18O of water, an indicator of hydrologic conditions, over the past 20,000 years. I also attempted to estimate thermocline structure using Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, but the Mg/Ca and δ18O of calcite data yield conflicting interpretations, indicating further work on this proxy is required. The G. ruber Mg/Ca results suggest that the SST of the outflow passages were influenced by high latitude Southern Hemisphere temperature. At approximately 10,000 years before present, there was a warming in the Makassar Strait. This local warming was coincident with the flooding of the Sunda Shelf, which opened a connection between the South China Sea and the Indonesian Throughflow. Regional δ18O of seawater reconstructions suggest that the mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) was approximately the same as modern at the last glacial maximum and was displaced to the south during the Younger Dryas and Heinrich Stadial 1, suggesting the ITCZ responds to changes in the interhemispheric temperature gradient.","abstract_html":"As the only low-latitude connection between ocean basins, the Indonesian Throughflow allows the direct transmission of heat and salinity between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The Mg/Ca and δ18O of calcite of Globigerinoides ruber (G. ruber) were used to estimate the sea surface temperature (SST) and δ18O of water, an indicator of hydrologic conditions, over the past 20,000 years. I also attempted to estimate thermocline structure using Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, but the Mg/Ca and δ18O of calcite data yield conflicting interpretations, indicating further work on this proxy is required. The G. ruber Mg/Ca results suggest that the SST of the outflow passages were influenced by high latitude Southern Hemisphere temperature. At approximately 10,000 years before present, there was a warming in the Makassar Strait. This local warming was coincident with the flooding of the Sunda Shelf, which opened a connection between the South China Sea and the Indonesian Throughflow. Regional δ18O of seawater reconstructions suggest that the mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) was approximately the same as modern at the last glacial maximum and was displaced to the south during the Younger Dryas and Heinrich Stadial 1, suggesting the ITCZ responds to changes in the interhemispheric temperature gradient.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Gibbons, Fern T."],"institution":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-02","date_published":"2012-02","updated_at":"2026-07-27T22:05:12Z","subjects":["Heat","Water temperature"],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["10.1575/1912/5136"],"render_values":[{"text":"10.1575/1912/5136","href":"https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/5136","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5136","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Gibbons, Fern T."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2012-04-19T13:22:32Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2012-04-19T13:22:32Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2012-02"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Heat","Water temperature"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["10.1575/1912/5136"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5136"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2012"]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["As the only low-latitude connection between ocean basins, the Indonesian Throughflow allows the direct transmission of heat and salinity between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The Mg/Ca and δ18O of calcite of Globigerinoides ruber (G. ruber) were used to estimate the sea surface temperature (SST) and δ18O of water, an indicator of hydrologic conditions, over the past 20,000 years. I also attempted to estimate thermocline structure using Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, but the Mg/Ca and δ18O of calcite data yield conflicting interpretations, indicating further work on this proxy is required. The G. ruber Mg/Ca results suggest that the SST of the outflow passages were influenced by high latitude Southern Hemisphere temperature. At approximately 10,000 years before present, there was a warming in the Makassar Strait. This local warming was coincident with the flooding of the Sunda Shelf, which opened a connection between the South China Sea and the Indonesian Throughflow. Regional δ18O of seawater reconstructions suggest that the mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) was approximately the same as modern at the last glacial maximum and was displaced to the south during the Younger Dryas and Heinrich Stadial 1, suggesting the ITCZ responds to changes in the interhemispheric temperature gradient."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The centennial and millennial variability of the IndoPacific Warm Pool and the Indonesian Throughflow"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Gibbons, Fern T."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2012-04-19T13:22:32Z"],"dc:date.available":["2012-04-19T13:22:32Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2012-02"],"dc:description":["Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2012"],"dc:description.abstract":["As the only low-latitude connection between ocean basins, the Indonesian Throughflow allows the direct transmission of heat and salinity between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The Mg/Ca and δ18O of calcite of Globigerinoides ruber (G. ruber) were used to estimate the sea surface temperature (SST) and δ18O of water, an indicator of hydrologic conditions, over the past 20,000 years. I also attempted to estimate thermocline structure using Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, but the Mg/Ca and δ18O of calcite data yield conflicting interpretations, indicating further work on this proxy is required. The G. ruber Mg/Ca results suggest that the SST of the outflow passages were influenced by high latitude Southern Hemisphere temperature. At approximately 10,000 years before present, there was a warming in the Makassar Strait. This local warming was coincident with the flooding of the Sunda Shelf, which opened a connection between the South China Sea and the Indonesian Throughflow. Regional δ18O of seawater reconstructions suggest that the mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) was approximately the same as modern at the last glacial maximum and was displaced to the south during the Younger Dryas and Heinrich Stadial 1, suggesting the ITCZ responds to changes in the interhemispheric temperature gradient."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.doi":["10.1575/1912/5136"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5136"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:publisher":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"],"dc:subject":["Heat","Water temperature"],"dc:title":["The centennial and millennial variability of the IndoPacific Warm Pool and the Indonesian Throughflow"],"dc:type":["Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T22:05:12Z"}