{"id":{"repo_id":"woods-hole","oai_identifier":"oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/2030"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/woods-hole/oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/2030","repository":{"repo_id":"woods-hole","name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute","base_url":"https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Geochemical and rheological constraints on the dynamics of the oceanic upper mantle","abstract":"I provide constraints on mantle convection through observations of the rheology and composition of the oceanic upper mantle. Convection cannot be directly observed, yet is a fundamental part of the plate tectonic cycle. Relative motion among plates is accommodated by localized deformation at their boundaries. I demonstrate that in the ductile regime, strain localization occurs when different mineral phases are mixed together, limiting grain annealing. Upper mantle flow is by dislocation creep, resulting in seismic anisotropy due to mineral alignment. I use a shear zone in the Josephine Peridotite to quantify the relationship between mineral orientation and shear strain, providing an improved framework for the interpretation of seismic anisotropy. The upper mantle is generally assumed to be homogeneous in composition. From detailed isotopic and chemical analyses of abyssal peridotites from the Southwest Indian Ridge, I show that the mantle is heterogeneous at a range of length-scales. Abyssal peridotites recovered at ocean ridges are generally interpreted as the depleted residues of melt extraction. I find that melt-rock reaction is a significant part of the melt extraction process, modifying the composition of the lithospheric mantle. The generation of heterogeneous lithosphere provides a source for asthenospheric heterogeneity, via subduction and mantle convection.","abstract_html":"I provide constraints on mantle convection through observations of the rheology and composition of the oceanic upper mantle. Convection cannot be directly observed, yet is a fundamental part of the plate tectonic cycle. Relative motion among plates is accommodated by localized deformation at their boundaries. I demonstrate that in the ductile regime, strain localization occurs when different mineral phases are mixed together, limiting grain annealing. Upper mantle flow is by dislocation creep, resulting in seismic anisotropy due to mineral alignment. I use a shear zone in the Josephine Peridotite to quantify the relationship between mineral orientation and shear strain, providing an improved framework for the interpretation of seismic anisotropy. The upper mantle is generally assumed to be homogeneous in composition. From detailed isotopic and chemical analyses of abyssal peridotites from the Southwest Indian Ridge, I show that the mantle is heterogeneous at a range of length-scales. Abyssal peridotites recovered at ocean ridges are generally interpreted as the depleted residues of melt extraction. I find that melt-rock reaction is a significant part of the melt extraction process, modifying the composition of the lithospheric mantle. The generation of heterogeneous lithosphere provides a source for asthenospheric heterogeneity, via subduction and mantle convection.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Warren, Jessica M."],"institution":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2007,"date_issued":"2007-09","date_published":"2007-09","updated_at":"2026-07-27T22:05:21Z","subjects":["Ocean bottom","Core-mantle boundary","Melville (Ship) Cruise Vancouver Expedition Leg 7","Islas Orcadas (Ship) Cruise IO11/76","Agulhas (Ship) Cruise AG22","Polarstern (Ship) Cruise PS86","Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN162"],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["10.1575/1912/2030"],"render_values":[{"text":"10.1575/1912/2030","href":"https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/2030","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2030","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Warren, Jessica M."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2008-01-18T19:15:20Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2008-01-18T19:15:20Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2007-09"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Ocean bottom","Core-mantle boundary","Melville (Ship) Cruise Vancouver Expedition Leg 7","Islas Orcadas (Ship) Cruise IO11/76","Agulhas (Ship) Cruise AG22","Polarstern (Ship) Cruise PS86","Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN162"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["10.1575/1912/2030"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2030"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 2007"]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["I provide constraints on mantle convection through observations of the rheology and composition of the oceanic upper mantle. Convection cannot be directly observed, yet is a fundamental part of the plate tectonic cycle. Relative motion among plates is accommodated by localized deformation at their boundaries. I demonstrate that in the ductile regime, strain localization occurs when different mineral phases are mixed together, limiting grain annealing. Upper mantle flow is by dislocation creep, resulting in seismic anisotropy due to mineral alignment. I use a shear zone in the Josephine Peridotite to quantify the relationship between mineral orientation and shear strain, providing an improved framework for the interpretation of seismic anisotropy. The upper mantle is generally assumed to be homogeneous in composition. From detailed isotopic and chemical analyses of abyssal peridotites from the Southwest Indian Ridge, I show that the mantle is heterogeneous at a range of length-scales. Abyssal peridotites recovered at ocean ridges are generally interpreted as the depleted residues of melt extraction. I find that melt-rock reaction is a significant part of the melt extraction process, modifying the composition of the lithospheric mantle. The generation of heterogeneous lithosphere provides a source for asthenospheric heterogeneity, via subduction and mantle convection."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Geochemical and rheological constraints on the dynamics of the oceanic upper mantle"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Warren, Jessica M."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2008-01-18T19:15:20Z"],"dc:date.available":["2008-01-18T19:15:20Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2007-09"],"dc:description":["Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 2007"],"dc:description.abstract":["I provide constraints on mantle convection through observations of the rheology and composition of the oceanic upper mantle. Convection cannot be directly observed, yet is a fundamental part of the plate tectonic cycle. Relative motion among plates is accommodated by localized deformation at their boundaries. I demonstrate that in the ductile regime, strain localization occurs when different mineral phases are mixed together, limiting grain annealing. Upper mantle flow is by dislocation creep, resulting in seismic anisotropy due to mineral alignment. I use a shear zone in the Josephine Peridotite to quantify the relationship between mineral orientation and shear strain, providing an improved framework for the interpretation of seismic anisotropy. The upper mantle is generally assumed to be homogeneous in composition. From detailed isotopic and chemical analyses of abyssal peridotites from the Southwest Indian Ridge, I show that the mantle is heterogeneous at a range of length-scales. Abyssal peridotites recovered at ocean ridges are generally interpreted as the depleted residues of melt extraction. I find that melt-rock reaction is a significant part of the melt extraction process, modifying the composition of the lithospheric mantle. The generation of heterogeneous lithosphere provides a source for asthenospheric heterogeneity, via subduction and mantle convection."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.doi":["10.1575/1912/2030"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2030"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:publisher":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"],"dc:subject":["Ocean bottom","Core-mantle boundary","Melville (Ship) Cruise Vancouver Expedition Leg 7","Islas Orcadas (Ship) Cruise IO11/76","Agulhas (Ship) Cruise AG22","Polarstern (Ship) Cruise PS86","Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN162"],"dc:title":["Geochemical and rheological constraints on the dynamics of the oceanic upper mantle"],"dc:type":["Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T22:05:21Z"}