Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Cisplatin is one of the well-known anti-cancer agents used to treat testicular and ovarian cancers. It mainly binds to the DNA bases, which leads to cell death. The cytotoxic activity of the cisplatin analogs is due to the interaction of platinum with nucleotides like adenine at N7 or N1 position and guanine at N7 position. Guanine is the primary target for cisplatin analogs whereas adenine is the secondary target. Cisplatin analogs, [Pt(Me5dien)(D2O)]2+[Me5dien = N,N,N’,N’,N’’-pentamethyl diethylene triamine] and [Pt(dien)(D2O)]2+[dien=diethylene triamine] were synthesized and their effects on AMP and GMP were studied using NMR spectroscopy. The experiments were conducted to examine the effects of bulk on 5’-GMP and 5’-AMP. The results suggest that bulk slows down the reaction with AMP more than with that of GMP. The order of reactivity is Pt(dien)(GMP)> Pt(dien)(AMP) > Pt(Me5dien)(GMP) > Pt(Me5dien)(AMP). The reaction of the [Pt(Me5dien)(D2O)]2+ complex with AMP leads to multiple products, some of which appear to be due to coordination at N1 instead of N7.
","abstract_html":"<p>Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Cisplatin is one of the well-known anti-cancer agents used to treat testicular and ovarian cancers. It mainly binds to the DNA bases, which leads to cell death. The cytotoxic activity of the cisplatin analogs is due to the interaction of platinum with nucleotides like adenine at N<sub>7</sub> or N<sub>1</sub> position and guanine at N<sub>7</sub> position. Guanine is the primary target for cisplatin analogs whereas adenine is the secondary target. Cisplatin analogs, [Pt(Me<sub>5</sub>dien)(D<sub>2</sub>O)]<sup>2+</sup>[Me<sub>5</sub>dien = N,N,N’,N’,N’’-pentamethyl diethylene triamine] and [Pt(dien)(D<sub>2</sub>O)]<sup>2+</sup>[dien=diethylene triamine] were synthesized and their effects on AMP and GMP were studied using NMR spectroscopy. The experiments were conducted to examine the effects of bulk on 5’-GMP and 5’-AMP. The results suggest that bulk slows down the reaction with AMP more than with that of GMP. The order of reactivity is Pt(dien)(GMP)> Pt(dien)(AMP) > Pt(Me<sub>5</sub>dien)(GMP) > Pt(Me<sub>5</sub>dien)(AMP). The reaction of the [Pt(Me<sub>5</sub>dien)(D<sub>2</sub>O)]<sup>2+</sup> complex with AMP leads to multiple products, some of which appear to be due to coordination at N<sub>1</sub> instead of N<sub>7</sub>.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Nandala, Swathi"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Department of Chemistry","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Kevin M. Williams (Director), Hemali Rathnayake, Bangbo Yan"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-05-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2013-05-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:08:26Z","subjects":["Adenine","Platinum","Guanine","Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy","Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence (HMQC) Spectroscopy","Chemotherapy","Chemistry-Organic","Spectrum Analysis","Chemistry","Medicinal-Pharmaceutical Chemistry","Organic Chemistry"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1256","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Kevin M. Williams (Director), Hemali Rathnayake, Bangbo Yan"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Nandala, Swathi"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Department of Chemistry"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Adenine","Platinum","Guanine","Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy","Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence (HMQC) Spectroscopy","Chemotherapy","Chemistry-Organic","Spectrum Analysis","Chemistry","Medicinal-Pharmaceutical Chemistry","Organic Chemistry"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1256"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Cisplatin is one of the well-known anti-cancer agents used to treat testicular and ovarian cancers. It mainly binds to the DNA bases, which leads to cell death. The cytotoxic activity of the cisplatin analogs is due to the interaction of platinum with nucleotides like adenine at N7 or N1 position and guanine at N7 position. Guanine is the primary target for cisplatin analogs whereas adenine is the secondary target. Cisplatin analogs, [Pt(Me5dien)(D2O)]2+[Me5dien = N,N,N’,N’,N’’-pentamethyl diethylene triamine] and [Pt(dien)(D2O)]2+[dien=diethylene triamine] were synthesized and their effects on AMP and GMP were studied using NMR spectroscopy. The experiments were conducted to examine the effects of bulk on 5’-GMP and 5’-AMP. The results suggest that bulk slows down the reaction with AMP more than with that of GMP. The order of reactivity is Pt(dien)(GMP)> Pt(dien)(AMP) > Pt(Me5dien)(GMP) > Pt(Me5dien)(AMP). The reaction of the [Pt(Me5dien)(D2O)]2+ complex with AMP leads to multiple products, some of which appear to be due to coordination at N1 instead of N7.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effects of Cisplatin Analog Size on the Reaction with DNA Bases"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Kevin M. Williams (Director), Hemali Rathnayake, Bangbo Yan"],"dc:creator":["Nandala, Swathi"],"dc:description.abstract":["Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Cisplatin is one of the well-known anti-cancer agents used to treat testicular and ovarian cancers. It mainly binds to the DNA bases, which leads to cell death. The cytotoxic activity of the cisplatin analogs is due to the interaction of platinum with nucleotides like adenine at N7 or N1 position and guanine at N7 position. Guanine is the primary target for cisplatin analogs whereas adenine is the secondary target. Cisplatin analogs, [Pt(Me5dien)(D2O)]2+[Me5dien = N,N,N’,N’,N’’-pentamethyl diethylene triamine] and [Pt(dien)(D2O)]2+[dien=diethylene triamine] were synthesized and their effects on AMP and GMP were studied using NMR spectroscopy. The experiments were conducted to examine the effects of bulk on 5’-GMP and 5’-AMP. The results suggest that bulk slows down the reaction with AMP more than with that of GMP. The order of reactivity is Pt(dien)(GMP)> Pt(dien)(AMP) > Pt(Me5dien)(GMP) > Pt(Me5dien)(AMP). The reaction of the [Pt(Me5dien)(D2O)]2+ complex with AMP leads to multiple products, some of which appear to be due to coordination at N1 instead of N7.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1256"],"dc:subject":["Adenine","Platinum","Guanine","Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy","Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence (HMQC) Spectroscopy","Chemotherapy","Chemistry-Organic","Spectrum Analysis","Chemistry","Medicinal-Pharmaceutical Chemistry","Organic Chemistry"],"dc:title":["Effects of Cisplatin Analog Size on the Reaction with DNA Bases"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Department of Chemistry"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:08:26Z"}