Microhardness and bleaching effectiveness on human tooth enamel after the application of nanohydroxyapatite
type: CreativeWork
description: Various bleaching agents, including hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide, have been used in vital and non-vital bleaching. Nanohydroxyapatite synthesised using green methods are reported to possess bleaching potential. Although studies have indicated a reduction in enamel microhardness following bleaching, the correlation between bleaching and enamel hardness is inconsistent. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the potential of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) as a bleaching agent and its effect on enamel microhardness on its own as well as in combination with carbamide peroxide (CP).
abstract: Various bleaching agents, including hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide, have been used in vital and non-vital bleaching. Nanohydroxyapatite synthesised using green methods are reported to possess bleaching potential. Although studies have indicated a reduction in enamel microhardness following bleaching, the correlation between bleaching and enamel hardness is inconsistent. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the potential of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) as a bleaching agent and its effect on enamel microhardness on its own as well as in combination with carbamide peroxide (CP).
author: Elmahdi, Elbara Elrayah
keywords: Carbamide peroxide, Digital single-lens reflex camera, Microhardness, Nanohydroxyapatite, Tooth bleaching
license: https://uwcscholar.uwc.ac.za/bitstreams/f5a797bf-fe20-4e71-ace6-dd935522066e/download
date published: 2023
date modified: 2026-07-24T06:00:54Z
provider: University of the Western Cape
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Universty of the Western Cape