The aim of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties of the Circle of Courage Scale. Data was collected from 51 youth ages 13-17 enrolled in program at Starr Commonwealth a non-profit human services organization headquartered in Michigan. Data was collected over a period of 9 months and used as an aggregate data base. Principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation resulted in a four-factor solution as determined by eigenvalues greater than one, simple structure convergence, item loadings and conceptual clarity. The four components of the Circle of Courage were labeled as Adult/Peer Influence, Belonging, Mastery and Peer Culture. Psychometric properties indicate continuing research is warranted to achieve instrument for program and clinical use.
","abstract_html":"<p>The aim of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties of the Circle of Courage Scale. Data was collected from 51 youth ages 13-17 enrolled in program at Starr Commonwealth a non-profit human services organization headquartered in Michigan. Data was collected over a period of 9 months and used as an aggregate data base. Principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation resulted in a four-factor solution as determined by eigenvalues greater than one, simple structure convergence, item loadings and conceptual clarity. The four components of the Circle of Courage were labeled as Adult/Peer Influence, Belonging, Mastery and Peer Culture. Psychometric properties indicate continuing research is warranted to achieve instrument for program and clinical use.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Jackson, William Charles"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Open Access Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Sociology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["David Merolla"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2014,"date_issued":"2014-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2014-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:59:56Z","subjects":["Circle of Courage","postive youth development","socialization","Sociology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/1093","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["David Merolla"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Jackson, William Charles"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-01-01T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Sociology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Open Access Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Circle of Courage","postive youth development","socialization","Sociology"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/1093"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The aim of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties of the Circle of Courage Scale. Data was collected from 51 youth ages 13-17 enrolled in program at Starr Commonwealth a non-profit human services organization headquartered in Michigan. Data was collected over a period of 9 months and used as an aggregate data base. Principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation resulted in a four-factor solution as determined by eigenvalues greater than one, simple structure convergence, item loadings and conceptual clarity. The four components of the Circle of Courage were labeled as Adult/Peer Influence, Belonging, Mastery and Peer Culture. Psychometric properties indicate continuing research is warranted to achieve instrument for program and clinical use.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Circle Of Courage: Childhood Socialization In The 21st Century"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["David Merolla"],"dc:creator":["Jackson, William Charles"],"dc:date.available":["2014-01-01T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["The aim of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties of the Circle of Courage Scale. Data was collected from 51 youth ages 13-17 enrolled in program at Starr Commonwealth a non-profit human services organization headquartered in Michigan. Data was collected over a period of 9 months and used as an aggregate data base. Principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation resulted in a four-factor solution as determined by eigenvalues greater than one, simple structure convergence, item loadings and conceptual clarity. The four components of the Circle of Courage were labeled as Adult/Peer Influence, Belonging, Mastery and Peer Culture. Psychometric properties indicate continuing research is warranted to achieve instrument for program and clinical use.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/1093"],"dc:subject":["Circle of Courage","postive youth development","socialization","Sociology"],"dc:title":["The Circle Of Courage: Childhood Socialization In The 21st Century"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Sociology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Open Access Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:59:56Z"}