{"id":{"repo_id":"washington","oai_identifier":"oai:digital.lib.washington.edu:1773/36662"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/washington/oai:digital.lib.washington.edu:1773/36662","repository":{"repo_id":"washington","name":"University of Washington","base_url":"https://digital.lib.washington.edu/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Birth-to-pregnancy intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes among African-born black women in Washington State.","abstract":"Background: Short birth-to-pregnancy (BTP) intervals are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The number of African-born blacks currently living in the U.S. exceeds 1.6 million. However, little is known about BTP intervals and the risk factors and outcomes related to short BTP intervals among African-born women living in the U.S. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: (1) Investigate risk of short BTP and BTP-related risk factors and perinatal outcomes among African-born black women in Washington State, and (2) evaluate whether short BTP intervals modify the relationship between maternal birth country and race and perinatal outcomes among African-born black, U.S.-born white, and U.S.-born black women. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from linked birth certificate and hospital discharge records for 18,984 consecutive, singleton birth pairs to African-born black (n=3,312), U.S.-born white (n=7,839) and U.S.-born black women (n=7,833) in Washington State from 1992-2013. Short BTP interval was defined as <6 months between date of delivery of preceding live birth and conception date of a subsequent pregnancy. Logistic regression models were used to determine adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Effect modification was evaluated using stratified analyses. Results: Women with short BTP intervals comprised 10.0% of African-born women, 4.3% of U.S.-born white women, and 6.8% of U.S.-born black women. African-born women had 3-fold and 1.5-fold higher risk of short BTP intervals compared with U.S.-born white women (aOR 3.44; 95%CI: 2.53-4.68) and U.S.-born black women (aOR 1.49; 95%CI: 1.28-1.74). Among African-born women, those who were born in Eastern Africa (aOR 3.17; 95%CI: 1.92, 5.24), nulliparous (aOR 1.37; 95%CI: 1.01-1.86), had ≤ high school education (aOR 1.92; 95%CI: 1.41-2.61), and previous vaginal delivery (aOR 1.78; 95%CI: 1.29-2.44) were at higher risk for short BTP intervals. Among women with normal BTP interval, African-born black women had almost two-fold higher risk of having low birthweight (aOR 1.89; 95%CI: 1.10-3.23) infants compared with U.S.-born white women. This association was not observed among women with short or intermediate BTP intervals. Conclusions: African-born black women are at higher risk for short BTP intervals than U.S.-born white and black women. We identified several risk factors that may contribute to short BTP among African-born black women. Given the link between short BTP intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes, additional efforts are needed to better understand factors affecting pregnancy spacing among African-born women.","abstract_html":"Background: Short birth-to-pregnancy (BTP) intervals are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The number of African-born blacks currently living in the U.S. exceeds 1.6 million. However, little is known about BTP intervals and the risk factors and outcomes related to short BTP intervals among African-born women living in the U.S. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: (1) Investigate risk of short BTP and BTP-related risk factors and perinatal outcomes among African-born black women in Washington State, and (2) evaluate whether short BTP intervals modify the relationship between maternal birth country and race and perinatal outcomes among African-born black, U.S.-born white, and U.S.-born black women. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from linked birth certificate and hospital discharge records for 18,984 consecutive, singleton birth pairs to African-born black (n=3,312), U.S.-born white (n=7,839) and U.S.-born black women (n=7,833) in Washington State from 1992-2013. Short BTP interval was defined as &lt;6 months between date of delivery of preceding live birth and conception date of a subsequent pregnancy. Logistic regression models were used to determine adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Effect modification was evaluated using stratified analyses. Results: Women with short BTP intervals comprised 10.0% of African-born women, 4.3% of U.S.-born white women, and 6.8% of U.S.-born black women. African-born women had 3-fold and 1.5-fold higher risk of short BTP intervals compared with U.S.-born white women (aOR 3.44; 95%CI: 2.53-4.68) and U.S.-born black women (aOR 1.49; 95%CI: 1.28-1.74). Among African-born women, those who were born in Eastern Africa (aOR 3.17; 95%CI: 1.92, 5.24), nulliparous (aOR 1.37; 95%CI: 1.01-1.86), had ≤ high school education (aOR 1.92; 95%CI: 1.41-2.61), and previous vaginal delivery (aOR 1.78; 95%CI: 1.29-2.44) were at higher risk for short BTP intervals. Among women with normal BTP interval, African-born black women had almost two-fold higher risk of having low birthweight (aOR 1.89; 95%CI: 1.10-3.23) infants compared with U.S.-born white women. This association was not observed among women with short or intermediate BTP intervals. Conclusions: African-born black women are at higher risk for short BTP intervals than U.S.-born white and black women. We identified several risk factors that may contribute to short BTP among African-born black women. Given the link between short BTP intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes, additional efforts are needed to better understand factors affecting pregnancy spacing among African-born women.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Zhang, Ying"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Enquobahrie, Daniel"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-07-14","date_published":"2016-07-14","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:58:14Z","subjects":["African immigrant","Birth data","BTP interval","Maternal outcome","Neonatal outcome"],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1773/36662","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Enquobahrie, Daniel"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Zhang, Ying"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2016-07-14T16:41:09Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2016-07-14"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["African immigrant","Birth data","BTP interval","Maternal outcome","Neonatal outcome"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["Zhang_washington_0250O_16062.pdf"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/1773/36662"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06"]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Background: Short birth-to-pregnancy (BTP) intervals are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The number of African-born blacks currently living in the U.S. exceeds 1.6 million. However, little is known about BTP intervals and the risk factors and outcomes related to short BTP intervals among African-born women living in the U.S. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: (1) Investigate risk of short BTP and BTP-related risk factors and perinatal outcomes among African-born black women in Washington State, and (2) evaluate whether short BTP intervals modify the relationship between maternal birth country and race and perinatal outcomes among African-born black, U.S.-born white, and U.S.-born black women. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from linked birth certificate and hospital discharge records for 18,984 consecutive, singleton birth pairs to African-born black (n=3,312), U.S.-born white (n=7,839) and U.S.-born black women (n=7,833) in Washington State from 1992-2013. Short BTP interval was defined as <6 months between date of delivery of preceding live birth and conception date of a subsequent pregnancy. Logistic regression models were used to determine adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Effect modification was evaluated using stratified analyses. Results: Women with short BTP intervals comprised 10.0% of African-born women, 4.3% of U.S.-born white women, and 6.8% of U.S.-born black women. African-born women had 3-fold and 1.5-fold higher risk of short BTP intervals compared with U.S.-born white women (aOR 3.44; 95%CI: 2.53-4.68) and U.S.-born black women (aOR 1.49; 95%CI: 1.28-1.74). Among African-born women, those who were born in Eastern Africa (aOR 3.17; 95%CI: 1.92, 5.24), nulliparous (aOR 1.37; 95%CI: 1.01-1.86), had ≤ high school education (aOR 1.92; 95%CI: 1.41-2.61), and previous vaginal delivery (aOR 1.78; 95%CI: 1.29-2.44) were at higher risk for short BTP intervals. Among women with normal BTP interval, African-born black women had almost two-fold higher risk of having low birthweight (aOR 1.89; 95%CI: 1.10-3.23) infants compared with U.S.-born white women. This association was not observed among women with short or intermediate BTP intervals. Conclusions: African-born black women are at higher risk for short BTP intervals than U.S.-born white and black women. We identified several risk factors that may contribute to short BTP among African-born black women. Given the link between short BTP intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes, additional efforts are needed to better understand factors affecting pregnancy spacing among African-born women."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Birth-to-pregnancy intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes among African-born black women in Washington State."]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Enquobahrie, Daniel"],"dc:creator":["Zhang, Ying"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2016-07-14T16:41:09Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2016-07-14"],"dc:description":["Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06"],"dc:description.abstract":["Background: Short birth-to-pregnancy (BTP) intervals are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The number of African-born blacks currently living in the U.S. exceeds 1.6 million. However, little is known about BTP intervals and the risk factors and outcomes related to short BTP intervals among African-born women living in the U.S. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: (1) Investigate risk of short BTP and BTP-related risk factors and perinatal outcomes among African-born black women in Washington State, and (2) evaluate whether short BTP intervals modify the relationship between maternal birth country and race and perinatal outcomes among African-born black, U.S.-born white, and U.S.-born black women. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from linked birth certificate and hospital discharge records for 18,984 consecutive, singleton birth pairs to African-born black (n=3,312), U.S.-born white (n=7,839) and U.S.-born black women (n=7,833) in Washington State from 1992-2013. Short BTP interval was defined as <6 months between date of delivery of preceding live birth and conception date of a subsequent pregnancy. Logistic regression models were used to determine adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Effect modification was evaluated using stratified analyses. Results: Women with short BTP intervals comprised 10.0% of African-born women, 4.3% of U.S.-born white women, and 6.8% of U.S.-born black women. African-born women had 3-fold and 1.5-fold higher risk of short BTP intervals compared with U.S.-born white women (aOR 3.44; 95%CI: 2.53-4.68) and U.S.-born black women (aOR 1.49; 95%CI: 1.28-1.74). Among African-born women, those who were born in Eastern Africa (aOR 3.17; 95%CI: 1.92, 5.24), nulliparous (aOR 1.37; 95%CI: 1.01-1.86), had ≤ high school education (aOR 1.92; 95%CI: 1.41-2.61), and previous vaginal delivery (aOR 1.78; 95%CI: 1.29-2.44) were at higher risk for short BTP intervals. Among women with normal BTP interval, African-born black women had almost two-fold higher risk of having low birthweight (aOR 1.89; 95%CI: 1.10-3.23) infants compared with U.S.-born white women. This association was not observed among women with short or intermediate BTP intervals. Conclusions: African-born black women are at higher risk for short BTP intervals than U.S.-born white and black women. We identified several risk factors that may contribute to short BTP among African-born black women. Given the link between short BTP intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes, additional efforts are needed to better understand factors affecting pregnancy spacing among African-born women."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.other":["Zhang_washington_0250O_16062.pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/1773/36662"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:subject":["African immigrant","Birth data","BTP interval","Maternal outcome","Neonatal outcome"],"dc:title":["Birth-to-pregnancy intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes among African-born black women in Washington State."],"dc:type":["Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:58:14Z"}