{"id":{"repo_id":"vu-aus","oai_identifier":"oai:eprints.vu.edu.au:15623"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vu-aus/oai:eprints.vu.edu.au:15623","repository":{"repo_id":"vu-aus","name":"Victoria University (Australia)","base_url":"https://vuir.vu.edu.au/cgi/oai2"},"display":{"title":"The yeast mediated synthesis of the l-ephedrine precursor, l-phenylacetylcarbinol, in an organic solvent","abstract":"l-Ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine are important pharmaceutical products commonly found in anti-asthmatic formulations, nasal decongestant mixtures and sinus preparations. d-Pseudoephedrine is the active ingredient in \"Sudafed\". l-Ephedrine is currently synthesised in a three step process. The first step utilises fermenting yeast in water to catalyse the acyloin condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde to form the l-ephedrine precursor, l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC). The second step involves the reaction of l-PAC with methylamine to form the corresponding N-methyl imine; the final step employs a metal catalyst to facilitate the reduction of the imine with hydrogen. This study is focused on the first step of the synthesis, which suffers from the drawback that two by-products, benzyl alcohol and l-phenylpropan-l,2-diol are always formed. The study aims to improve the efficiency of the l-PAC formation by performing the reaction with dried yeast in an organic solvent.","abstract_html":"l-Ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine are important pharmaceutical products commonly found in anti-asthmatic formulations, nasal decongestant mixtures and sinus preparations. d-Pseudoephedrine is the active ingredient in "Sudafed". l-Ephedrine is currently synthesised in a three step process. The first step utilises fermenting yeast in water to catalyse the acyloin condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde to form the l-ephedrine precursor, l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC). The second step involves the reaction of l-PAC with methylamine to form the corresponding N-methyl imine; the final step employs a metal catalyst to facilitate the reduction of the imine with hydrogen. This study is focused on the first step of the synthesis, which suffers from the drawback that two by-products, benzyl alcohol and l-phenylpropan-l,2-diol are always formed. The study aims to improve the efficiency of the l-PAC formation by performing the reaction with dried yeast in an organic solvent.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kostraby, Margaret Mary"],"institution":"Victoria University of Technology","degree_name":"phd","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1999,"date_issued":"1999","date_published":"1999","updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:33:15Z","subjects":["1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences","0304 Medicinal and Bimolecular Chemistry","School of Biomedical and Health Sciences"],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":null,"outbound_label":null,"outbound_source":null},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kostraby, Margaret Mary"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["1999"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1999"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["School of Life Sciences and Technology"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["Victoria University of Technology"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15623/"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["phd"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences","0304 Medicinal and Bimolecular Chemistry","School of Biomedical and Health Sciences"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15623/1/Kostraby_1999compressed.pdf"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["l-Ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine are important pharmaceutical products commonly found in anti-asthmatic formulations, nasal decongestant mixtures and sinus preparations. d-Pseudoephedrine is the active ingredient in \"Sudafed\". l-Ephedrine is currently synthesised in a three step process. The first step utilises fermenting yeast in water to catalyse the acyloin condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde to form the l-ephedrine precursor, l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC). The second step involves the reaction of l-PAC with methylamine to form the corresponding N-methyl imine; the final step employs a metal catalyst to facilitate the reduction of the imine with hydrogen. This study is focused on the first step of the synthesis, which suffers from the drawback that two by-products, benzyl alcohol and l-phenylpropan-l,2-diol are always formed. The study aims to improve the efficiency of the l-PAC formation by performing the reaction with dried yeast in an organic solvent."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["text"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The yeast mediated synthesis of the l-ephedrine precursor, l-phenylacetylcarbinol, in an organic solvent"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Kostraby, Margaret Mary"],"dc:date":["1999"],"dc:date.issued":["1999"],"dc:description.abstract":["l-Ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine are important pharmaceutical products commonly found in anti-asthmatic formulations, nasal decongestant mixtures and sinus preparations. d-Pseudoephedrine is the active ingredient in \"Sudafed\". l-Ephedrine is currently synthesised in a three step process. The first step utilises fermenting yeast in water to catalyse the acyloin condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde to form the l-ephedrine precursor, l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC). The second step involves the reaction of l-PAC with methylamine to form the corresponding N-methyl imine; the final step employs a metal catalyst to facilitate the reduction of the imine with hydrogen. This study is focused on the first step of the synthesis, which suffers from the drawback that two by-products, benzyl alcohol and l-phenylpropan-l,2-diol are always formed. The study aims to improve the efficiency of the l-PAC formation by performing the reaction with dried yeast in an organic solvent."],"dc:format":["text"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15623/1/Kostraby_1999compressed.pdf"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:publisher.department":["School of Life Sciences and Technology"],"dc:publisher.institution":["Victoria University of Technology"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15623/"],"dc:subject":["1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences","0304 Medicinal and Bimolecular Chemistry","School of Biomedical and Health Sciences"],"dc:title":["The yeast mediated synthesis of the l-ephedrine precursor, l-phenylacetylcarbinol, in an organic solvent"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["doctoral"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["phd"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:33:15Z"}