{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/9929"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/9929","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Lateral Movement of Herbicides on Golf Course Fairways and Effects on Bentgrass Greens","abstract":"Concern has been raised that herbicides recently registered for use in warm-season turf to control perennial ryegrass could be dislodged from treated areas and deposited on neighboring cool-season grasses. In a field study, rimsulfuron was applied at 17.5 or 35 g ai/ha to perennial ryegrass in the afternoon; the following morning while dew was still present, a greens mower was driven through the perennial ryegrass and across adjacent creeping bentgrass. Irrigation had no effect on perennial ryegrass control but reduced visible track length and injury of neighboring creeping bentgrass. When treated perennial ryegrass was not irrigated prior to simulated mowing, tire tracks were evident on adjacent creeping bentgrass for up to 30 days. Gibberellic acid at 0.12 kg ai/ha and foliar iron at 1.3 kg ai/ha, applied to creeping bentgrass when tracks first appeared, did not enhance recovery of injured creeping bentgrass. Persistence and stability of [2-pyridine 14C] rimsulfuron on turf foliage was also assessed. Rimsulfuron was absorbed by annual bluegrass and perennial ryegrass equivalently and persisted equally on turf foliage. Water extractable rimsulfuron decreased from 60% at 10 minutes after treatment to 40% at 96 hours after treatment. A substantial amount of stable rimsulfuron persists on turf foliage for up to four days. Results from both studies suggest that when applying rimsulfuron near susceptible bentgrass the lowest effective rate should be used, and irrigation should follow two hours after treatment to prevent nontarget injury.","abstract_html":"Concern has been raised that herbicides recently registered for use in warm-season turf to control perennial ryegrass could be dislodged from treated areas and deposited on neighboring cool-season grasses. In a field study, rimsulfuron was applied at 17.5 or 35 g ai/ha to perennial ryegrass in the afternoon; the following morning while dew was still present, a greens mower was driven through the perennial ryegrass and across adjacent creeping bentgrass. Irrigation had no effect on perennial ryegrass control but reduced visible track length and injury of neighboring creeping bentgrass. When treated perennial ryegrass was not irrigated prior to simulated mowing, tire tracks were evident on adjacent creeping bentgrass for up to 30 days. Gibberellic acid at 0.12 kg ai/ha and foliar iron at 1.3 kg ai/ha, applied to creeping bentgrass when tracks first appeared, did not enhance recovery of injured creeping bentgrass. Persistence and stability of [2-pyridine 14C] rimsulfuron on turf foliage was also assessed. Rimsulfuron was absorbed by annual bluegrass and perennial ryegrass equivalently and persisted equally on turf foliage. Water extractable rimsulfuron decreased from 60% at 10 minutes after treatment to 40% at 96 hours after treatment. A substantial amount of stable rimsulfuron persists on turf foliage for up to four days. Results from both studies suggest that when applying rimsulfuron near susceptible bentgrass the lowest effective rate should be used, and irrigation should follow two hours after treatment to prevent nontarget injury.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Barker, Whitnee Leigh"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science","degree_department":"Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Askew, Shawn D."],"committee_members":["Derr, Jeffrey F.","Westwood, James H."],"year":2004,"date_issued":"2004-05-13","date_published":"2004-05-13","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:25Z","subjects":["absorption","gibberellic acid","foliar iron","herbicide relocation","herbicide movement","dislodged pesticide","herbicide degradation","tracking","sulfonylurea","herbicide stability"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-05182004-155348"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-05182004-155348","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9929","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Askew, Shawn D."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Derr, Jeffrey F.","Westwood, James H."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Barker, Whitnee Leigh"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2011-08-06T16:01:33Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2011-08-06T16:01:33Z","2004-05-25"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2004-05-13"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["absorption","gibberellic acid","foliar iron","herbicide relocation","herbicide movement","dislodged pesticide","herbicide degradation","tracking","sulfonylurea","herbicide stability"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-05182004-155348"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9929"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Concern has been raised that herbicides recently registered for use in warm-season turf to control perennial ryegrass could be dislodged from treated areas and deposited on neighboring cool-season grasses. In a field study, rimsulfuron was applied at 17.5 or 35 g ai/ha to perennial ryegrass in the afternoon; the following morning while dew was still present, a greens mower was driven through the perennial ryegrass and across adjacent creeping bentgrass. Irrigation had no effect on perennial ryegrass control but reduced visible track length and injury of neighboring creeping bentgrass. When treated perennial ryegrass was not irrigated prior to simulated mowing, tire tracks were evident on adjacent creeping bentgrass for up to 30 days. Gibberellic acid at 0.12 kg ai/ha and foliar iron at 1.3 kg ai/ha, applied to creeping bentgrass when tracks first appeared, did not enhance recovery of injured creeping bentgrass. Persistence and stability of [2-pyridine 14C] rimsulfuron on turf foliage was also assessed. Rimsulfuron was absorbed by annual bluegrass and perennial ryegrass equivalently and persisted equally on turf foliage. Water extractable rimsulfuron decreased from 60% at 10 minutes after treatment to 40% at 96 hours after treatment. A substantial amount of stable rimsulfuron persists on turf foliage for up to four days. Results from both studies suggest that when applying rimsulfuron near susceptible bentgrass the lowest effective rate should be used, and irrigation should follow two hours after treatment to prevent nontarget injury."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["ETD"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Lateral Movement of Herbicides on Golf Course Fairways and Effects on Bentgrass Greens"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Askew, Shawn D."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Derr, Jeffrey F.","Westwood, James H."],"dc:contributor.department":["Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science"],"dc:creator":["Barker, Whitnee Leigh"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2011-08-06T16:01:33Z"],"dc:date.available":["2011-08-06T16:01:33Z","2004-05-25"],"dc:date.issued":["2004-05-13"],"dc:description.abstract":["Concern has been raised that herbicides recently registered for use in warm-season turf to control perennial ryegrass could be dislodged from treated areas and deposited on neighboring cool-season grasses. In a field study, rimsulfuron was applied at 17.5 or 35 g ai/ha to perennial ryegrass in the afternoon; the following morning while dew was still present, a greens mower was driven through the perennial ryegrass and across adjacent creeping bentgrass. Irrigation had no effect on perennial ryegrass control but reduced visible track length and injury of neighboring creeping bentgrass. When treated perennial ryegrass was not irrigated prior to simulated mowing, tire tracks were evident on adjacent creeping bentgrass for up to 30 days. Gibberellic acid at 0.12 kg ai/ha and foliar iron at 1.3 kg ai/ha, applied to creeping bentgrass when tracks first appeared, did not enhance recovery of injured creeping bentgrass. Persistence and stability of [2-pyridine 14C] rimsulfuron on turf foliage was also assessed. Rimsulfuron was absorbed by annual bluegrass and perennial ryegrass equivalently and persisted equally on turf foliage. Water extractable rimsulfuron decreased from 60% at 10 minutes after treatment to 40% at 96 hours after treatment. A substantial amount of stable rimsulfuron persists on turf foliage for up to four days. Results from both studies suggest that when applying rimsulfuron near susceptible bentgrass the lowest effective rate should be used, and irrigation should follow two hours after treatment to prevent nontarget injury."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.medium":["ETD"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-05182004-155348"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9929"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["absorption","gibberellic acid","foliar iron","herbicide relocation","herbicide movement","dislodged pesticide","herbicide degradation","tracking","sulfonylurea","herbicide stability"],"dc:title":["Lateral Movement of Herbicides on Golf Course Fairways and Effects on Bentgrass Greens"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:25Z"}