{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/94461"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/94461","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The effects of the powercam crank system on physiological and perceptual indicators of efficiency in humans during endurance cycling","abstract":"Six adult male volunteers of similar body size (x̄ ± SD:ht = 184.6 ± 6.4 cm; wt = 80.86 ± 2.7 kg) and aerobic exercise capacity (VO₂ = 38 ± 3.1 ml·kg⁻¹. min⁻¹) were tested to determine what physiological and perceptual differences existed during endurance cycling using a Powercam (Houdaille, Inc.) crank system (CAM) as compared to a standard crank system (STD). Following preliminary tests to determine the subject's working capacity, each was assigned to ride either in the CAM or STD mode for 1 hour using a gear ratio that would require an effort equal to 70% of the VO₂ max. After a minimum of 72 hours between trials, subjects were retested in the converse mode. Measurements that included HR, BP, VO₂, surface EMG, and RPE were monitored at 15 minute intervals during both tests. Responses were very similar across modes and between subjects. Although subjects demonstrated responses that may indicate an improved efficiency for a particular mode, the group did not display patterns that would indicate efficiency for the Powercam crank system.","abstract_html":"Six adult male volunteers of similar body size (x̄ ± SD:ht = 184.6 ± 6.4 cm; wt = 80.86 ± 2.7 kg) and aerobic exercise capacity (VO₂ = 38 ± 3.1 ml·kg⁻¹. min⁻¹) were tested to determine what physiological and perceptual differences existed during endurance cycling using a Powercam (Houdaille, Inc.) crank system (CAM) as compared to a standard crank system (STD). Following preliminary tests to determine the subject's working capacity, each was assigned to ride either in the CAM or STD mode for 1 hour using a gear ratio that would require an effort equal to 70% of the VO₂ max. After a minimum of 72 hours between trials, subjects were retested in the converse mode. Measurements that included HR, BP, VO₂, surface EMG, and RPE were monitored at 15 minute intervals during both tests. Responses were very similar across modes and between subjects. Although subjects demonstrated responses that may indicate an improved efficiency for a particular mode, the group did not display patterns that would indicate efficiency for the Powercam crank system.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Harris, Kevin W."],"institution":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Education in Health and Physical Education","degree_department":"Education in Health and Physical Education","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1986,"date_issued":"1986","date_published":"1986","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:49Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94461","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Education in Health and Physical Education"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Harris, Kevin W."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2019-10-10T19:11:45Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2019-10-10T19:11:45Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1986"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Education in Health and Physical Education"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94461"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Six adult male volunteers of similar body size (x̄ ± SD:ht = 184.6 ± 6.4 cm; wt = 80.86 ± 2.7 kg) and aerobic exercise capacity (VO₂ = 38 ± 3.1 ml·kg⁻¹. min⁻¹) were tested to determine what physiological and perceptual differences existed during endurance cycling using a Powercam (Houdaille, Inc.) crank system (CAM) as compared to a standard crank system (STD). Following preliminary tests to determine the subject's working capacity, each was assigned to ride either in the CAM or STD mode for 1 hour using a gear ratio that would require an effort equal to 70% of the VO₂ max. After a minimum of 72 hours between trials, subjects were retested in the converse mode. Measurements that included HR, BP, VO₂, surface EMG, and RPE were monitored at 15 minute intervals during both tests. Responses were very similar across modes and between subjects. Although subjects demonstrated responses that may indicate an improved efficiency for a particular mode, the group did not display patterns that would indicate efficiency for the Powercam crank system."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The effects of the powercam crank system on physiological and perceptual indicators of efficiency in humans during endurance cycling"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Education in Health and Physical Education"],"dc:creator":["Harris, Kevin W."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2019-10-10T19:11:45Z"],"dc:date.available":["2019-10-10T19:11:45Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1986"],"dc:description.abstract":["Six adult male volunteers of similar body size (x̄ ± SD:ht = 184.6 ± 6.4 cm; wt = 80.86 ± 2.7 kg) and aerobic exercise capacity (VO₂ = 38 ± 3.1 ml·kg⁻¹. min⁻¹) were tested to determine what physiological and perceptual differences existed during endurance cycling using a Powercam (Houdaille, Inc.) crank system (CAM) as compared to a standard crank system (STD). Following preliminary tests to determine the subject's working capacity, each was assigned to ride either in the CAM or STD mode for 1 hour using a gear ratio that would require an effort equal to 70% of the VO₂ max. After a minimum of 72 hours between trials, subjects were retested in the converse mode. Measurements that included HR, BP, VO₂, surface EMG, and RPE were monitored at 15 minute intervals during both tests. Responses were very similar across modes and between subjects. Although subjects demonstrated responses that may indicate an improved efficiency for a particular mode, the group did not display patterns that would indicate efficiency for the Powercam crank system."],"dc:description.degree":["M.S."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94461"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["The effects of the powercam crank system on physiological and perceptual indicators of efficiency in humans during endurance cycling"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Education in Health and Physical Education"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:49Z"}