{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/87268"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/87268","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Immunotherapeutic alteration of tumor-induced suppression of interleukin 2 and 3 production by Propionibacterium acnes vaccination","abstract":"Previous reports indicate that anti-tumor activity arising from systemically injected P. acnes is macrophage-mediated, whereas anti-tumor activity arising from locally injected P. acnes is T cell-mediated. It is possible these P. acnes-induced cytotoxic T cells arise via the Interleukin cascade. Therefore, this study investigated the involvement of Interleukin 2 (IL 2) and Interleukin 3 (IL 3), known components of the Interleukin cascade, in local P. acnes-mediated anti-tumor action. A 500 ug dose of heat-killed stationary phase P. acnes given simultaneously with 10⁴ tumor cells was found to inhibit tumor formation completely, therefore this amount was used as a standard dose throughout the study. Unvaccinated counterparts developed palpable tumors two weeks after tumor cell administration. Lower doses of vaccine protected animals from tumor growth to a lesser degree. A vaccine prepared from logarithmic phase P. acnes exerted a moderate anti-tumor effect in some cases. IL 2 and IL 3 levels were measured in vitro in normal BALB/c mice (N), tumor-bearing mice (TBH), normal vaccinated mice (N+V), and mice receiving both tumor cell and vaccine injection (T+V). IL 2 and IL 3 production was maintained in both N and N+V host splenocyte cultures throughout the study. In a similar fashion, levels of IL 2 and IL 3 in T+V host splenocyte cultures were comparable to those of N+V hosts. However, TBH splenocyte production of IL 2 and IL 3 began to decline when tumors became palpable, at Day 14 after tumor cell inoculation. By Day 28, TBH IL 2 and IL 3 levels were <15% of normal control levels. Causes for this suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production in TBH were examined. From reports of others it appeared that suppression may be mediated through prostaglandin(s). Addition of the prostaglandin inhibitor indomethacin to splenocyte cultures greatly enhanced IL 2 production by N, N+V and T+V splenocytes, but failed to restore IL 2 production in TBH splenocyte cultures to normal levels. Thus, it appeared prostaglandins were not directly responsible for the majority of suppression seen in TBH. In the non-tumor-burdened host, prostaglandin appeared to play a homeostatic role regarding IL 2 production. Indomethacin-treatment had little effect on IL 3 production. Nylon wool fractionation of N, TBH, N+V and T+V splenocytes suggested a cell removed by nylon wool treatment was largely responsible for the suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production in TBH. No obvious presence of functional suppressor cells was noted in N, N+V or T+V splenocytes. From these results, it appeared that P. acnes administration maintains and/or restores IL 2 and IL 3 production, thus favoring the production of CTL. In addition, the suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production seen in TBH may be due to a nylon wool adherent suppressor cell. A model describing the effect of P. acnes administration on local anti-tumor activity was presented.","abstract_html":"Previous reports indicate that anti-tumor activity arising from systemically injected P. acnes is macrophage-mediated, whereas anti-tumor activity arising from locally injected P. acnes is T cell-mediated. It is possible these P. acnes-induced cytotoxic T cells arise via the Interleukin cascade. Therefore, this study investigated the involvement of Interleukin 2 (IL 2) and Interleukin 3 (IL 3), known components of the Interleukin cascade, in local P. acnes-mediated anti-tumor action. A 500 ug dose of heat-killed stationary phase P. acnes given simultaneously with 10⁴ tumor cells was found to inhibit tumor formation completely, therefore this amount was used as a standard dose throughout the study. Unvaccinated counterparts developed palpable tumors two weeks after tumor cell administration. Lower doses of vaccine protected animals from tumor growth to a lesser degree. A vaccine prepared from logarithmic phase P. acnes exerted a moderate anti-tumor effect in some cases. IL 2 and IL 3 levels were measured in vitro in normal BALB/c mice (N), tumor-bearing mice (TBH), normal vaccinated mice (N+V), and mice receiving both tumor cell and vaccine injection (T+V). IL 2 and IL 3 production was maintained in both N and N+V host splenocyte cultures throughout the study. In a similar fashion, levels of IL 2 and IL 3 in T+V host splenocyte cultures were comparable to those of N+V hosts. However, TBH splenocyte production of IL 2 and IL 3 began to decline when tumors became palpable, at Day 14 after tumor cell inoculation. By Day 28, TBH IL 2 and IL 3 levels were &lt;15% of normal control levels. Causes for this suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production in TBH were examined. From reports of others it appeared that suppression may be mediated through prostaglandin(s). Addition of the prostaglandin inhibitor indomethacin to splenocyte cultures greatly enhanced IL 2 production by N, N+V and T+V splenocytes, but failed to restore IL 2 production in TBH splenocyte cultures to normal levels. Thus, it appeared prostaglandins were not directly responsible for the majority of suppression seen in TBH. In the non-tumor-burdened host, prostaglandin appeared to play a homeostatic role regarding IL 2 production. Indomethacin-treatment had little effect on IL 3 production. Nylon wool fractionation of N, TBH, N+V and T+V splenocytes suggested a cell removed by nylon wool treatment was largely responsible for the suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production in TBH. No obvious presence of functional suppressor cells was noted in N, N+V or T+V splenocytes. From these results, it appeared that P. acnes administration maintains and/or restores IL 2 and IL 3 production, thus favoring the production of CTL. In addition, the suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production seen in TBH may be due to a nylon wool adherent suppressor cell. A model describing the effect of P. acnes administration on local anti-tumor activity was presented.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Roberson, Alice Marie"],"institution":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Microbiology","degree_department":"Microbiology","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1984,"date_issued":"1984","date_published":"1984","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:55:57Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87268","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Microbiology"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Roberson, Alice Marie"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2019-01-31T18:27:40Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2019-01-31T18:27:40Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1984"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Microbiology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87268"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Previous reports indicate that anti-tumor activity arising from systemically injected P. acnes is macrophage-mediated, whereas anti-tumor activity arising from locally injected P. acnes is T cell-mediated. It is possible these P. acnes-induced cytotoxic T cells arise via the Interleukin cascade. Therefore, this study investigated the involvement of Interleukin 2 (IL 2) and Interleukin 3 (IL 3), known components of the Interleukin cascade, in local P. acnes-mediated anti-tumor action. A 500 ug dose of heat-killed stationary phase P. acnes given simultaneously with 10⁴ tumor cells was found to inhibit tumor formation completely, therefore this amount was used as a standard dose throughout the study. Unvaccinated counterparts developed palpable tumors two weeks after tumor cell administration. Lower doses of vaccine protected animals from tumor growth to a lesser degree. A vaccine prepared from logarithmic phase P. acnes exerted a moderate anti-tumor effect in some cases. IL 2 and IL 3 levels were measured in vitro in normal BALB/c mice (N), tumor-bearing mice (TBH), normal vaccinated mice (N+V), and mice receiving both tumor cell and vaccine injection (T+V). IL 2 and IL 3 production was maintained in both N and N+V host splenocyte cultures throughout the study. In a similar fashion, levels of IL 2 and IL 3 in T+V host splenocyte cultures were comparable to those of N+V hosts. However, TBH splenocyte production of IL 2 and IL 3 began to decline when tumors became palpable, at Day 14 after tumor cell inoculation. By Day 28, TBH IL 2 and IL 3 levels were <15% of normal control levels. Causes for this suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production in TBH were examined. From reports of others it appeared that suppression may be mediated through prostaglandin(s). Addition of the prostaglandin inhibitor indomethacin to splenocyte cultures greatly enhanced IL 2 production by N, N+V and T+V splenocytes, but failed to restore IL 2 production in TBH splenocyte cultures to normal levels. Thus, it appeared prostaglandins were not directly responsible for the majority of suppression seen in TBH. In the non-tumor-burdened host, prostaglandin appeared to play a homeostatic role regarding IL 2 production. Indomethacin-treatment had little effect on IL 3 production. Nylon wool fractionation of N, TBH, N+V and T+V splenocytes suggested a cell removed by nylon wool treatment was largely responsible for the suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production in TBH. No obvious presence of functional suppressor cells was noted in N, N+V or T+V splenocytes. From these results, it appeared that P. acnes administration maintains and/or restores IL 2 and IL 3 production, thus favoring the production of CTL. In addition, the suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production seen in TBH may be due to a nylon wool adherent suppressor cell. A model describing the effect of P. acnes administration on local anti-tumor activity was presented."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Immunotherapeutic alteration of tumor-induced suppression of interleukin 2 and 3 production by Propionibacterium acnes vaccination"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Microbiology"],"dc:creator":["Roberson, Alice Marie"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2019-01-31T18:27:40Z"],"dc:date.available":["2019-01-31T18:27:40Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1984"],"dc:description.abstract":["Previous reports indicate that anti-tumor activity arising from systemically injected P. acnes is macrophage-mediated, whereas anti-tumor activity arising from locally injected P. acnes is T cell-mediated. It is possible these P. acnes-induced cytotoxic T cells arise via the Interleukin cascade. Therefore, this study investigated the involvement of Interleukin 2 (IL 2) and Interleukin 3 (IL 3), known components of the Interleukin cascade, in local P. acnes-mediated anti-tumor action. A 500 ug dose of heat-killed stationary phase P. acnes given simultaneously with 10⁴ tumor cells was found to inhibit tumor formation completely, therefore this amount was used as a standard dose throughout the study. Unvaccinated counterparts developed palpable tumors two weeks after tumor cell administration. Lower doses of vaccine protected animals from tumor growth to a lesser degree. A vaccine prepared from logarithmic phase P. acnes exerted a moderate anti-tumor effect in some cases. IL 2 and IL 3 levels were measured in vitro in normal BALB/c mice (N), tumor-bearing mice (TBH), normal vaccinated mice (N+V), and mice receiving both tumor cell and vaccine injection (T+V). IL 2 and IL 3 production was maintained in both N and N+V host splenocyte cultures throughout the study. In a similar fashion, levels of IL 2 and IL 3 in T+V host splenocyte cultures were comparable to those of N+V hosts. However, TBH splenocyte production of IL 2 and IL 3 began to decline when tumors became palpable, at Day 14 after tumor cell inoculation. By Day 28, TBH IL 2 and IL 3 levels were <15% of normal control levels. Causes for this suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production in TBH were examined. From reports of others it appeared that suppression may be mediated through prostaglandin(s). Addition of the prostaglandin inhibitor indomethacin to splenocyte cultures greatly enhanced IL 2 production by N, N+V and T+V splenocytes, but failed to restore IL 2 production in TBH splenocyte cultures to normal levels. Thus, it appeared prostaglandins were not directly responsible for the majority of suppression seen in TBH. In the non-tumor-burdened host, prostaglandin appeared to play a homeostatic role regarding IL 2 production. Indomethacin-treatment had little effect on IL 3 production. Nylon wool fractionation of N, TBH, N+V and T+V splenocytes suggested a cell removed by nylon wool treatment was largely responsible for the suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production in TBH. No obvious presence of functional suppressor cells was noted in N, N+V or T+V splenocytes. From these results, it appeared that P. acnes administration maintains and/or restores IL 2 and IL 3 production, thus favoring the production of CTL. In addition, the suppression of IL 2 and IL 3 production seen in TBH may be due to a nylon wool adherent suppressor cell. A model describing the effect of P. acnes administration on local anti-tumor activity was presented."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87268"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["Immunotherapeutic alteration of tumor-induced suppression of interleukin 2 and 3 production by Propionibacterium acnes vaccination"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Microbiology"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:55:57Z"}