{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/82879"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/82879","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The design of an experiment to investigate the fluidity of aluminum silicon alloys in carbon dioxide cured molds","abstract":"The last decade has seen many new developments in the foundry industry, among them the CO₂ process for curing molds and cores. The CO₂ process consists essentially of mixing dry, clay-free, silica sand with an organic liquid sodium silicate binder, then ramming this mix into molds or core boxes and injecting CO₂ gas. The CO₂ gas reacts with the sodium silicate binder forming a silica gel which hardens rapidly in atmospheric conditions. The CO₂ molds are more resistant to metallostatic pressure and erosion than either green or dry sand molds but more expensive also. The CO₂ cores are hardened rapidly without the benefit of a baking cycle characteristic of the production of conventional organically-bonded cores. The CO₂ cores are more economically compared with other core-making processes than the CO₂ molds are compared with other sand-molding processes. The casting property, fluidity, is a qualitative measure of the ability of a metal to completely fill a mold cavity and is normally expressed as inches of flow in a small channel. Mold material variables, gating and flow-channel variables, and metallurgical variables, such as metal composition and the number of degrees superheat, all affect the fluidity values. This paper presents a spiral fluidity pattern for determining the fluidity of aluminum-silicon alloys in CO₂ molds made by a standard procedure. A standardized molding, melting, and pouring procedure is suggested to control certain fluidity variables while investigating the influence of other fluidity variables. Finally, a statistical method is presented to ascertain the significance of the effect certain variables may have on fluidity. Preliminary investigations pertinent to the major objective of this paper indicate aluminum-silicon alloys are less fluid in CO₂ molds than in green sand. Investigations also indicate that certain variabilities in testing procedure which an operating foundry might encounter have no statistically significant effect on fluidity.","abstract_html":"The last decade has seen many new developments in the foundry industry, among them the CO₂ process for curing molds and cores. The CO₂ process consists essentially of mixing dry, clay-free, silica sand with an organic liquid sodium silicate binder, then ramming this mix into molds or core boxes and injecting CO₂ gas. The CO₂ gas reacts with the sodium silicate binder forming a silica gel which hardens rapidly in atmospheric conditions. The CO₂ molds are more resistant to metallostatic pressure and erosion than either green or dry sand molds but more expensive also. The CO₂ cores are hardened rapidly without the benefit of a baking cycle characteristic of the production of conventional organically-bonded cores. The CO₂ cores are more economically compared with other core-making processes than the CO₂ molds are compared with other sand-molding processes. The casting property, fluidity, is a qualitative measure of the ability of a metal to completely fill a mold cavity and is normally expressed as inches of flow in a small channel. Mold material variables, gating and flow-channel variables, and metallurgical variables, such as metal composition and the number of degrees superheat, all affect the fluidity values. This paper presents a spiral fluidity pattern for determining the fluidity of aluminum-silicon alloys in CO₂ molds made by a standard procedure. A standardized molding, melting, and pouring procedure is suggested to control certain fluidity variables while investigating the influence of other fluidity variables. Finally, a statistical method is presented to ascertain the significance of the effect certain variables may have on fluidity. Preliminary investigations pertinent to the major objective of this paper indicate aluminum-silicon alloys are less fluid in CO₂ molds than in green sand. Investigations also indicate that certain variabilities in testing procedure which an operating foundry might encounter have no statistically significant effect on fluidity.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Agee, Marvin H."],"institution":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Industrial Engineering","degree_department":"Industrial Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1960,"date_issued":"1960","date_published":"1960","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:18:44Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82879","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Industrial Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Agee, Marvin H."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2018-04-24T19:14:21Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2018-04-24T19:14:21Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1960"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Industrial Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82879"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The last decade has seen many new developments in the foundry industry, among them the CO₂ process for curing molds and cores. The CO₂ process consists essentially of mixing dry, clay-free, silica sand with an organic liquid sodium silicate binder, then ramming this mix into molds or core boxes and injecting CO₂ gas. The CO₂ gas reacts with the sodium silicate binder forming a silica gel which hardens rapidly in atmospheric conditions. The CO₂ molds are more resistant to metallostatic pressure and erosion than either green or dry sand molds but more expensive also. The CO₂ cores are hardened rapidly without the benefit of a baking cycle characteristic of the production of conventional organically-bonded cores. The CO₂ cores are more economically compared with other core-making processes than the CO₂ molds are compared with other sand-molding processes. The casting property, fluidity, is a qualitative measure of the ability of a metal to completely fill a mold cavity and is normally expressed as inches of flow in a small channel. Mold material variables, gating and flow-channel variables, and metallurgical variables, such as metal composition and the number of degrees superheat, all affect the fluidity values. This paper presents a spiral fluidity pattern for determining the fluidity of aluminum-silicon alloys in CO₂ molds made by a standard procedure. A standardized molding, melting, and pouring procedure is suggested to control certain fluidity variables while investigating the influence of other fluidity variables. Finally, a statistical method is presented to ascertain the significance of the effect certain variables may have on fluidity. Preliminary investigations pertinent to the major objective of this paper indicate aluminum-silicon alloys are less fluid in CO₂ molds than in green sand. Investigations also indicate that certain variabilities in testing procedure which an operating foundry might encounter have no statistically significant effect on fluidity."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The design of an experiment to investigate the fluidity of aluminum silicon alloys in carbon dioxide cured molds"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Industrial Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Agee, Marvin H."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2018-04-24T19:14:21Z"],"dc:date.available":["2018-04-24T19:14:21Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1960"],"dc:description.abstract":["The last decade has seen many new developments in the foundry industry, among them the CO₂ process for curing molds and cores. The CO₂ process consists essentially of mixing dry, clay-free, silica sand with an organic liquid sodium silicate binder, then ramming this mix into molds or core boxes and injecting CO₂ gas. The CO₂ gas reacts with the sodium silicate binder forming a silica gel which hardens rapidly in atmospheric conditions. The CO₂ molds are more resistant to metallostatic pressure and erosion than either green or dry sand molds but more expensive also. The CO₂ cores are hardened rapidly without the benefit of a baking cycle characteristic of the production of conventional organically-bonded cores. The CO₂ cores are more economically compared with other core-making processes than the CO₂ molds are compared with other sand-molding processes. The casting property, fluidity, is a qualitative measure of the ability of a metal to completely fill a mold cavity and is normally expressed as inches of flow in a small channel. Mold material variables, gating and flow-channel variables, and metallurgical variables, such as metal composition and the number of degrees superheat, all affect the fluidity values. This paper presents a spiral fluidity pattern for determining the fluidity of aluminum-silicon alloys in CO₂ molds made by a standard procedure. A standardized molding, melting, and pouring procedure is suggested to control certain fluidity variables while investigating the influence of other fluidity variables. Finally, a statistical method is presented to ascertain the significance of the effect certain variables may have on fluidity. Preliminary investigations pertinent to the major objective of this paper indicate aluminum-silicon alloys are less fluid in CO₂ molds than in green sand. Investigations also indicate that certain variabilities in testing procedure which an operating foundry might encounter have no statistically significant effect on fluidity."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82879"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["The design of an experiment to investigate the fluidity of aluminum silicon alloys in carbon dioxide cured molds"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Industrial Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:18:44Z"}