{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/80234"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/80234","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"A comparison of the biocidal efficiencies of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide on the heterotrophic iron precipitating bacterium, Pseudomonas cepacia","abstract":"Little information is available regarding the applicability of various disinfectants to the control of microbial growths within water distribution systems, especially in relation to \"nuisance\" organisms. With regards to microbially mediated iron precipitation, an isolated heterotrophic iron precipitating bacterium was identified. An investigation of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide was undertaken to examine their applicability in the control and/or elimination of this type of deterioration in water quality. Environmental conditions were then varied to determine their effects on the disinfectant's efficiencies. The isolated bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas cepacia. It was determined that chlorine dioxide offered a serious challenge to chlorine as a secondary disinfectant on the basis of its biocidal capabilities and stability. Solution pH affected free chlorine's efficiency the greatest, while chloramine's poor efficiency suggested that its use should be avoided in areas of microbial iron precipitation. Water temperature and turbidity showed a minimal effect on the rate of inactivation of P. cepacia for all the disinfectants under consideration.","abstract_html":"Little information is available regarding the applicability of various disinfectants to the control of microbial growths within water distribution systems, especially in relation to "nuisance" organisms. With regards to microbially mediated iron precipitation, an isolated heterotrophic iron precipitating bacterium was identified. An investigation of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide was undertaken to examine their applicability in the control and/or elimination of this type of deterioration in water quality. Environmental conditions were then varied to determine their effects on the disinfectant's efficiencies. The isolated bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas cepacia. It was determined that chlorine dioxide offered a serious challenge to chlorine as a secondary disinfectant on the basis of its biocidal capabilities and stability. Solution pH affected free chlorine's efficiency the greatest, while chloramine's poor efficiency suggested that its use should be avoided in areas of microbial iron precipitation. Water temperature and turbidity showed a minimal effect on the rate of inactivation of P. cepacia for all the disinfectants under consideration.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Rickloff, James Richard"],"institution":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Environmental Sciences and Engineering","degree_department":"Environmental Sciences and Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1982,"date_issued":"1982","date_published":"1982","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:35Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80234","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Environmental Sciences and Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Rickloff, James Richard"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2017-11-09T21:31:54Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2017-11-09T21:31:54Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1982"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environmental Sciences and Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80234"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Little information is available regarding the applicability of various disinfectants to the control of microbial growths within water distribution systems, especially in relation to \"nuisance\" organisms. With regards to microbially mediated iron precipitation, an isolated heterotrophic iron precipitating bacterium was identified. An investigation of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide was undertaken to examine their applicability in the control and/or elimination of this type of deterioration in water quality. Environmental conditions were then varied to determine their effects on the disinfectant's efficiencies. The isolated bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas cepacia. It was determined that chlorine dioxide offered a serious challenge to chlorine as a secondary disinfectant on the basis of its biocidal capabilities and stability. Solution pH affected free chlorine's efficiency the greatest, while chloramine's poor efficiency suggested that its use should be avoided in areas of microbial iron precipitation. Water temperature and turbidity showed a minimal effect on the rate of inactivation of P. cepacia for all the disinfectants under consideration."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["A comparison of the biocidal efficiencies of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide on the heterotrophic iron precipitating bacterium, Pseudomonas cepacia"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Environmental Sciences and Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Rickloff, James Richard"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2017-11-09T21:31:54Z"],"dc:date.available":["2017-11-09T21:31:54Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1982"],"dc:description.abstract":["Little information is available regarding the applicability of various disinfectants to the control of microbial growths within water distribution systems, especially in relation to \"nuisance\" organisms. With regards to microbially mediated iron precipitation, an isolated heterotrophic iron precipitating bacterium was identified. An investigation of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide was undertaken to examine their applicability in the control and/or elimination of this type of deterioration in water quality. Environmental conditions were then varied to determine their effects on the disinfectant's efficiencies. The isolated bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas cepacia. It was determined that chlorine dioxide offered a serious challenge to chlorine as a secondary disinfectant on the basis of its biocidal capabilities and stability. Solution pH affected free chlorine's efficiency the greatest, while chloramine's poor efficiency suggested that its use should be avoided in areas of microbial iron precipitation. Water temperature and turbidity showed a minimal effect on the rate of inactivation of P. cepacia for all the disinfectants under consideration."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80234"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["A comparison of the biocidal efficiencies of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide on the heterotrophic iron precipitating bacterium, Pseudomonas cepacia"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Environmental Sciences and Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:35Z"}