{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/76795"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/76795","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Echocardiographic Assessment of the Canine Right Heart: Reference Intervals and Repeatability","abstract":"Objectives: Phase 1) Establish echocardiographic reference intervals for measurements of the normal canine right heart. Phase 2) Describe the repeatability of normal right heart echocardiographic measurements. Phase 3) Describe the repeatability of right heart echocardiographic measurements which predict pulmonary artery pressure. Materials and Methods: Phase 1) 45 healthy adult dogs. Dogs underwent one echocardiographic examination by the same operator. Phase 2) 6 randomly selected dogs from the pool of Phase 1 dogs. Dogs underwent repeated echocardiograms by two operators. Phase 3) 4 client-owned dogs. Dogs underwent repeated echocardiographic examination by two operators. Results: Phase 1) The linear relationship between dimension and transformed body weight was highly variable. For linear dimensions, most of the scaling exponents were close to the theoretical value of 1/3. For area measurements, most of the scaling exponents were close to 2/3. Phase 2) Of the 168 within-day, between-day and between-operator coefficients of variation (CV) generated, 154 (91.7%) were below 15% and 135 (80.4%) were less than 10%. Phase 3) Of the 100 within-day, between-day and between-operator CVs generated, 72 (72%) were below 20% and 46 (46%) were below 10%. Conclusions: The right heart can be measured with relatively low repeatability. Measurement of the tricuspid regurgitation velocity should be the first priority when attempting to predict pulmonary artery pressure. If tricuspid regurgitation is not present, the use of transpulmonic acceleration time (AT) and the ratio of transpulmonic acceleration-to-ejection time (AT:ET) to indirectly assess pulmonary artery pressure is recommended.","abstract_html":"Objectives: Phase 1) Establish echocardiographic reference intervals for measurements of the normal canine right heart. Phase 2) Describe the repeatability of normal right heart echocardiographic measurements. Phase 3) Describe the repeatability of right heart echocardiographic measurements which predict pulmonary artery pressure. Materials and Methods: Phase 1) 45 healthy adult dogs. Dogs underwent one echocardiographic examination by the same operator. Phase 2) 6 randomly selected dogs from the pool of Phase 1 dogs. Dogs underwent repeated echocardiograms by two operators. Phase 3) 4 client-owned dogs. Dogs underwent repeated echocardiographic examination by two operators. Results: Phase 1) The linear relationship between dimension and transformed body weight was highly variable. For linear dimensions, most of the scaling exponents were close to the theoretical value of 1/3. For area measurements, most of the scaling exponents were close to 2/3. Phase 2) Of the 168 within-day, between-day and between-operator coefficients of variation (CV) generated, 154 (91.7%) were below 15% and 135 (80.4%) were less than 10%. Phase 3) Of the 100 within-day, between-day and between-operator CVs generated, 72 (72%) were below 20% and 46 (46%) were below 10%. Conclusions: The right heart can be measured with relatively low repeatability. Measurement of the tricuspid regurgitation velocity should be the first priority when attempting to predict pulmonary artery pressure. If tricuspid regurgitation is not present, the use of transpulmonic acceleration time (AT) and the ratio of transpulmonic acceleration-to-ejection time (AT:ET) to indirectly assess pulmonary artery pressure is recommended.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Gentile, Jessica M."],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Veterinary Medical Sciences","degree_department":"Veterinary Medical Sciences","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Abbott, Jonathan A."],"committee_members":["Panciera, David L.","Larson, Martha M."],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-01-27","date_published":"2012-01-27","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:07Z","subjects":["Repeatability","Reference Intervals","Right heart","Echocardiography","Canine"],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-02102012-145359"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-02102012-145359","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76795","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Abbott, Jonathan A."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Panciera, David L.","Larson, Martha M."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Veterinary Medical Sciences"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Gentile, Jessica M."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2017-04-04T19:49:18Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2017-04-04T19:49:18Z","2016-09-30"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2012-01-27"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Veterinary Medical Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Repeatability","Reference Intervals","Right heart","Echocardiography","Canine"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-02102012-145359"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76795"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Objectives: Phase 1) Establish echocardiographic reference intervals for measurements of the normal canine right heart. Phase 2) Describe the repeatability of normal right heart echocardiographic measurements. Phase 3) Describe the repeatability of right heart echocardiographic measurements which predict pulmonary artery pressure. Materials and Methods: Phase 1) 45 healthy adult dogs. Dogs underwent one echocardiographic examination by the same operator. Phase 2) 6 randomly selected dogs from the pool of Phase 1 dogs. Dogs underwent repeated echocardiograms by two operators. Phase 3) 4 client-owned dogs. Dogs underwent repeated echocardiographic examination by two operators. Results: Phase 1) The linear relationship between dimension and transformed body weight was highly variable. For linear dimensions, most of the scaling exponents were close to the theoretical value of 1/3. For area measurements, most of the scaling exponents were close to 2/3. Phase 2) Of the 168 within-day, between-day and between-operator coefficients of variation (CV) generated, 154 (91.7%) were below 15% and 135 (80.4%) were less than 10%. Phase 3) Of the 100 within-day, between-day and between-operator CVs generated, 72 (72%) were below 20% and 46 (46%) were below 10%. Conclusions: The right heart can be measured with relatively low repeatability. Measurement of the tricuspid regurgitation velocity should be the first priority when attempting to predict pulmonary artery pressure. If tricuspid regurgitation is not present, the use of transpulmonic acceleration time (AT) and the ratio of transpulmonic acceleration-to-ejection time (AT:ET) to indirectly assess pulmonary artery pressure is recommended."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Echocardiographic Assessment of the Canine Right Heart: Reference Intervals and Repeatability"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Abbott, Jonathan A."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Panciera, David L.","Larson, Martha M."],"dc:contributor.department":["Veterinary Medical Sciences"],"dc:creator":["Gentile, Jessica M."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2017-04-04T19:49:18Z"],"dc:date.available":["2017-04-04T19:49:18Z","2016-09-30"],"dc:date.issued":["2012-01-27"],"dc:description.abstract":["Objectives: Phase 1) Establish echocardiographic reference intervals for measurements of the normal canine right heart. Phase 2) Describe the repeatability of normal right heart echocardiographic measurements. Phase 3) Describe the repeatability of right heart echocardiographic measurements which predict pulmonary artery pressure. Materials and Methods: Phase 1) 45 healthy adult dogs. Dogs underwent one echocardiographic examination by the same operator. Phase 2) 6 randomly selected dogs from the pool of Phase 1 dogs. Dogs underwent repeated echocardiograms by two operators. Phase 3) 4 client-owned dogs. Dogs underwent repeated echocardiographic examination by two operators. Results: Phase 1) The linear relationship between dimension and transformed body weight was highly variable. For linear dimensions, most of the scaling exponents were close to the theoretical value of 1/3. For area measurements, most of the scaling exponents were close to 2/3. Phase 2) Of the 168 within-day, between-day and between-operator coefficients of variation (CV) generated, 154 (91.7%) were below 15% and 135 (80.4%) were less than 10%. Phase 3) Of the 100 within-day, between-day and between-operator CVs generated, 72 (72%) were below 20% and 46 (46%) were below 10%. Conclusions: The right heart can be measured with relatively low repeatability. Measurement of the tricuspid regurgitation velocity should be the first priority when attempting to predict pulmonary artery pressure. If tricuspid regurgitation is not present, the use of transpulmonic acceleration time (AT) and the ratio of transpulmonic acceleration-to-ejection time (AT:ET) to indirectly assess pulmonary artery pressure is recommended."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-02102012-145359"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76795"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["Repeatability","Reference Intervals","Right heart","Echocardiography","Canine"],"dc:title":["Echocardiographic Assessment of the Canine Right Heart: Reference Intervals and Repeatability"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Veterinary Medical Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:07Z"}