{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/71153"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/71153","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Phosphorus nutrition of Ilex crenata 'Helleri' grown in a pine bark medium","abstract":"The purpose of this research was to characterize the phosphorus nutrition of Ilex crenata 'Helleri' and pine bark P relationships. Branched liners of 'Helleri' holly were grown in a pine bark medium in which 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 ppm P were maintained. Shoot dry weight increased as the pine bark P level increased to 10 ppm P, while root dry weight decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Total mg of P in shoot tissues continued to increase with P treatments higher than 10 ppm, indicating luxury consumption of P. Total mg of P in root tissues increased to the 10 ppm P treatment. Total µg of Fe, Cu, and Zn in shoot tissues followed the dry weight response, increasing to the 5-10 ppm P treatment then tending to decrease as pine bark P levels increased. Root tissue Fe was erratic while Cu did not vary with treatment and Zn decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Total µg of Mn in shoot tissues increased with P treatments while total µg of Mn in root tissues decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Dry shoot weights of 'Helleri' holly grown in a pine bark medium amended with either 270, 540, or 810 g/m³ of P or fertilized with 10 ppm P were not different while root dry weights decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Water extractable P for the 810 g/m³ treatment decreased 245 ppm during the experiment and by week 5 was below 10 ppm. Amending the pine bark medium with 270 g/m³ of P did not increase the dry shoot weight of ‘Helleri’ holly when subsequently fertilized with a complete slow-release granular or water soluble fertilizer. The pine bark medium contained indigenous P which leached rapidly. When ‘Helleri’ holly were fertilized with a nutrient solution without P, 0.08 mg of indigenous P were absorbed. The pine bark adsorbed 7.5 µg of P per g of pine bark when equilibrated with a 10 ppm P nutrient solution. These studies indicate that maintaining 10 ppm P in the pine bark medium results in the greatest dry weight of 'Helleri' holly. A stable pine bark P level was not attained with superphosphate-amended pine bark, thus superphosphate is not recommended as a P source. Pine bark P relationships revealed that ‘Helleri’ holly absorbed indigenous P while a negligible amount of P was bound by the pine bark compared to the amount of P used by a ‘Helleri’ holly grown in a 1 liter container.","abstract_html":"The purpose of this research was to characterize the phosphorus nutrition of Ilex crenata 'Helleri' and pine bark P relationships. Branched liners of 'Helleri' holly were grown in a pine bark medium in which 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 ppm P were maintained. Shoot dry weight increased as the pine bark P level increased to 10 ppm P, while root dry weight decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Total mg of P in shoot tissues continued to increase with P treatments higher than 10 ppm, indicating luxury consumption of P. Total mg of P in root tissues increased to the 10 ppm P treatment. Total µg of Fe, Cu, and Zn in shoot tissues followed the dry weight response, increasing to the 5-10 ppm P treatment then tending to decrease as pine bark P levels increased. Root tissue Fe was erratic while Cu did not vary with treatment and Zn decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Total µg of Mn in shoot tissues increased with P treatments while total µg of Mn in root tissues decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Dry shoot weights of 'Helleri' holly grown in a pine bark medium amended with either 270, 540, or 810 g/m³ of P or fertilized with 10 ppm P were not different while root dry weights decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Water extractable P for the 810 g/m³ treatment decreased 245 ppm during the experiment and by week 5 was below 10 ppm. Amending the pine bark medium with 270 g/m³ of P did not increase the dry shoot weight of ‘Helleri’ holly when subsequently fertilized with a complete slow-release granular or water soluble fertilizer. The pine bark medium contained indigenous P which leached rapidly. When ‘Helleri’ holly were fertilized with a nutrient solution without P, 0.08 mg of indigenous P were absorbed. The pine bark adsorbed 7.5 µg of P per g of pine bark when equilibrated with a 10 ppm P nutrient solution. These studies indicate that maintaining 10 ppm P in the pine bark medium results in the greatest dry weight of 'Helleri' holly. A stable pine bark P level was not attained with superphosphate-amended pine bark, thus superphosphate is not recommended as a P source. Pine bark P relationships revealed that ‘Helleri’ holly absorbed indigenous P while a negligible amount of P was bound by the pine bark compared to the amount of P used by a ‘Helleri’ holly grown in a 1 liter container.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Yeager, Thomas H."],"institution":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","degree_name":"Ph. D.","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":"Horticulture","degree_department":"Horticulture","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1981,"date_issued":"1981","date_published":"1981","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:35Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71153","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Horticulture"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Yeager, Thomas H."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2016-05-23T15:20:16Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2016-05-23T15:20:16Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1981"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Horticulture"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph. 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Shoot dry weight increased as the pine bark P level increased to 10 ppm P, while root dry weight decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Total mg of P in shoot tissues continued to increase with P treatments higher than 10 ppm, indicating luxury consumption of P. Total mg of P in root tissues increased to the 10 ppm P treatment. Total µg of Fe, Cu, and Zn in shoot tissues followed the dry weight response, increasing to the 5-10 ppm P treatment then tending to decrease as pine bark P levels increased. Root tissue Fe was erratic while Cu did not vary with treatment and Zn decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Total µg of Mn in shoot tissues increased with P treatments while total µg of Mn in root tissues decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Dry shoot weights of 'Helleri' holly grown in a pine bark medium amended with either 270, 540, or 810 g/m³ of P or fertilized with 10 ppm P were not different while root dry weights decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Water extractable P for the 810 g/m³ treatment decreased 245 ppm during the experiment and by week 5 was below 10 ppm. Amending the pine bark medium with 270 g/m³ of P did not increase the dry shoot weight of ‘Helleri’ holly when subsequently fertilized with a complete slow-release granular or water soluble fertilizer. The pine bark medium contained indigenous P which leached rapidly. When ‘Helleri’ holly were fertilized with a nutrient solution without P, 0.08 mg of indigenous P were absorbed. The pine bark adsorbed 7.5 µg of P per g of pine bark when equilibrated with a 10 ppm P nutrient solution. These studies indicate that maintaining 10 ppm P in the pine bark medium results in the greatest dry weight of 'Helleri' holly. A stable pine bark P level was not attained with superphosphate-amended pine bark, thus superphosphate is not recommended as a P source. Pine bark P relationships revealed that ‘Helleri’ holly absorbed indigenous P while a negligible amount of P was bound by the pine bark compared to the amount of P used by a ‘Helleri’ holly grown in a 1 liter container."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Ph. D."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Phosphorus nutrition of Ilex crenata 'Helleri' grown in a pine bark medium"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Horticulture"],"dc:creator":["Yeager, Thomas H."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2016-05-23T15:20:16Z"],"dc:date.available":["2016-05-23T15:20:16Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1981"],"dc:description.abstract":["The purpose of this research was to characterize the phosphorus nutrition of Ilex crenata 'Helleri' and pine bark P relationships. Branched liners of 'Helleri' holly were grown in a pine bark medium in which 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 ppm P were maintained. Shoot dry weight increased as the pine bark P level increased to 10 ppm P, while root dry weight decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Total mg of P in shoot tissues continued to increase with P treatments higher than 10 ppm, indicating luxury consumption of P. Total mg of P in root tissues increased to the 10 ppm P treatment. Total µg of Fe, Cu, and Zn in shoot tissues followed the dry weight response, increasing to the 5-10 ppm P treatment then tending to decrease as pine bark P levels increased. Root tissue Fe was erratic while Cu did not vary with treatment and Zn decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Total µg of Mn in shoot tissues increased with P treatments while total µg of Mn in root tissues decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Dry shoot weights of 'Helleri' holly grown in a pine bark medium amended with either 270, 540, or 810 g/m³ of P or fertilized with 10 ppm P were not different while root dry weights decreased with increasing pine bark P levels. Water extractable P for the 810 g/m³ treatment decreased 245 ppm during the experiment and by week 5 was below 10 ppm. Amending the pine bark medium with 270 g/m³ of P did not increase the dry shoot weight of ‘Helleri’ holly when subsequently fertilized with a complete slow-release granular or water soluble fertilizer. The pine bark medium contained indigenous P which leached rapidly. When ‘Helleri’ holly were fertilized with a nutrient solution without P, 0.08 mg of indigenous P were absorbed. The pine bark adsorbed 7.5 µg of P per g of pine bark when equilibrated with a 10 ppm P nutrient solution. These studies indicate that maintaining 10 ppm P in the pine bark medium results in the greatest dry weight of 'Helleri' holly. A stable pine bark P level was not attained with superphosphate-amended pine bark, thus superphosphate is not recommended as a P source. Pine bark P relationships revealed that ‘Helleri’ holly absorbed indigenous P while a negligible amount of P was bound by the pine bark compared to the amount of P used by a ‘Helleri’ holly grown in a 1 liter container."],"dc:description.degree":["Ph. D."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71153"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["Phosphorus nutrition of Ilex crenata 'Helleri' grown in a pine bark medium"],"dc:type":["Dissertation"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Horticulture"],"thesis:degree_level":["doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph. D."],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:35Z"}