{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/45383"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/45383","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Direct measurement of skin friction on magnetically levitated vehicles","abstract":"The goal to design and build a reliable instrument for the direct measurement of skin friction on the surface of Magnetically Levitated (MagLev) trains was successfully achieved. A wall mounted, cantilevered beam device was used to measure the small tangential flow shear force that passes over the non-intrusive floating element. Piezoresistive strain gage units measure the relatively small strain that is generated by the wall shear. By adapting the geometry of the sensing unit, this design can be adapted for a variety of test flows. Measurements were made on two different vehicle geometries provided by Northrop/Grumman and Lockheed/Martin as well as on a special model designed to study the influence of propulsion rails on the Lockheed/Martin model aerodynamics. The obtained values of the skin friction coefficient C<sub>t</sub> are deemed reasonable for the type of flow studied. The estimated uncertainty of the gage is ± 5.2%. The data agreed to within 10% with estimated values from an idealized Couette flow analysis.","abstract_html":"The goal to design and build a reliable instrument for the direct measurement of skin friction on the surface of Magnetically Levitated (MagLev) trains was successfully achieved. A wall mounted, cantilevered beam device was used to measure the small tangential flow shear force that passes over the non-intrusive floating element. Piezoresistive strain gage units measure the relatively small strain that is generated by the wall shear. By adapting the geometry of the sensing unit, this design can be adapted for a variety of test flows. Measurements were made on two different vehicle geometries provided by Northrop/Grumman and Lockheed/Martin as well as on a special model designed to study the influence of propulsion rails on the Lockheed/Martin model aerodynamics. The obtained values of the skin friction coefficient C&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt; are deemed reasonable for the type of flow studied. The estimated uncertainty of the gage is ± 5.2%. The data agreed to within 10% with estimated values from an idealized Couette flow analysis.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Marshakov, Alexei Vladimirovich"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Aerospace Engineering","degree_department":"Aerospace Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1996,"date_issued":"1996","date_published":"1996","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:18Z","subjects":["aerodynamics","friction","sensor"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-11012008-063011"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-11012008-063011","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45383","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Aerospace Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Marshakov, Alexei Vladimirovich"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:48:35Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:48:35Z","2008-11-01"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1996"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Aerospace Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["aerodynamics","friction","sensor"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-11012008-063011"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45383"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The goal to design and build a reliable instrument for the direct measurement of skin friction on the surface of Magnetically Levitated (MagLev) trains was successfully achieved. A wall mounted, cantilevered beam device was used to measure the small tangential flow shear force that passes over the non-intrusive floating element. Piezoresistive strain gage units measure the relatively small strain that is generated by the wall shear. By adapting the geometry of the sensing unit, this design can be adapted for a variety of test flows. Measurements were made on two different vehicle geometries provided by Northrop/Grumman and Lockheed/Martin as well as on a special model designed to study the influence of propulsion rails on the Lockheed/Martin model aerodynamics. The obtained values of the skin friction coefficient C<sub>t</sub> are deemed reasonable for the type of flow studied. The estimated uncertainty of the gage is ± 5.2%. The data agreed to within 10% with estimated values from an idealized Couette flow analysis."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Direct measurement of skin friction on magnetically levitated vehicles"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Aerospace Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Marshakov, Alexei Vladimirovich"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:48:35Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:48:35Z","2008-11-01"],"dc:date.issued":["1996"],"dc:description.abstract":["The goal to design and build a reliable instrument for the direct measurement of skin friction on the surface of Magnetically Levitated (MagLev) trains was successfully achieved. 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