{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/44527"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/44527","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Seismic analysis of Fire Station No. One: a historic unreinforced masonry building","abstract":"Recent seismic events have confirmed the long-standing belief that unreinforced masonry structures are critically vulnerable to failure during earthquakes. A substantial number of older structures in the United States have unreinforced masonry construction. Among these are important historic structures, vital to preserving regional and national heritage. Since earthquakes can likely damage these buildings, they must be protected against failure. RetrOfitting these structures should be a sensitive process, reaching beyond pure safety issues and recognizing the historical qualities of the structure. Fire Station No. One, Roanoke, Virginia, an unreinforced masonry bearing wall building, is one of the most treasured landmarks in the Roanoke Valley. Completed in 1908, the Fire Station is still operational, serving as a lifeline structure. Built in absence of any seismic codes, this structure may be at risk of failure during an earthquake. The purpose of this study is to analyze the various seismic risks that exist in Fire Station No. One and to identify any seismic deficiencies within the structure. Additionally, this thesis will suggest possible seismic strengthening measures that would be appropriate, based upon preservation and aesthetic considerations.","abstract_html":"Recent seismic events have confirmed the long-standing belief that unreinforced masonry structures are critically vulnerable to failure during earthquakes. A substantial number of older structures in the United States have unreinforced masonry construction. Among these are important historic structures, vital to preserving regional and national heritage. Since earthquakes can likely damage these buildings, they must be protected against failure. RetrOfitting these structures should be a sensitive process, reaching beyond pure safety issues and recognizing the historical qualities of the structure. Fire Station No. One, Roanoke, Virginia, an unreinforced masonry bearing wall building, is one of the most treasured landmarks in the Roanoke Valley. Completed in 1908, the Fire Station is still operational, serving as a lifeline structure. Built in absence of any seismic codes, this structure may be at risk of failure during an earthquake. The purpose of this study is to analyze the various seismic risks that exist in Fire Station No. One and to identify any seismic deficiencies within the structure. Additionally, this thesis will suggest possible seismic strengthening measures that would be appropriate, based upon preservation and aesthetic considerations.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kontrim, Kathryn L."],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Civil Engineering","degree_department":"Civil Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Barker, Richard M."],"committee_members":["Plaut, Raymond H.","Garst, Donald A."],"year":1996,"date_issued":"1996-04-15","date_published":"1996-04-15","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:03Z","subjects":["historic structures","earthquake hazards","retrofits"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-09042008-063734"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-09042008-063734","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44527","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Barker, Richard M."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Plaut, Raymond H.","Garst, Donald A."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Civil Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kontrim, Kathryn L."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:44:23Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:44:23Z","2008-09-04"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1996-04-15"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Civil Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["historic structures","earthquake hazards","retrofits"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-09042008-063734"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44527"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Recent seismic events have confirmed the long-standing belief that unreinforced masonry structures are critically vulnerable to failure during earthquakes. A substantial number of older structures in the United States have unreinforced masonry construction. Among these are important historic structures, vital to preserving regional and national heritage. Since earthquakes can likely damage these buildings, they must be protected against failure. RetrOfitting these structures should be a sensitive process, reaching beyond pure safety issues and recognizing the historical qualities of the structure. Fire Station No. One, Roanoke, Virginia, an unreinforced masonry bearing wall building, is one of the most treasured landmarks in the Roanoke Valley. Completed in 1908, the Fire Station is still operational, serving as a lifeline structure. Built in absence of any seismic codes, this structure may be at risk of failure during an earthquake. The purpose of this study is to analyze the various seismic risks that exist in Fire Station No. One and to identify any seismic deficiencies within the structure. 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