{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/43045"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/43045","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The effect of rotation on legibility of dot-matrix characters","abstract":"When dot-matrix characters are rotated, as might be the case in a moving map display, their dot-matrix patterns are distorted and their legibility is thus affected. In this experiment, 16 subjects performed a random search task, in which they were asked to look for a target in a random character pattern. The independent variables were the direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) and the angle of stimulus image rotation, and the target character's distance from the center of screen, which was also the center of rotation; the dependent variables were response time and response correctness. Significant effects were found in the angle of rotation, the target character's distance from the center, and the target character. The results indicate that (1) no angle-dependent mechanism is involved in performing this task and the angle of rotation influences recognition mainly through the distortion of dot-matrix patterns, (2) the target character's (radial) distance from the center of screen is the determining factor for search time, while the x and y coordinates of the target contributed to dot-matrix pattern distortion, and (3) the target characters interacted differently with the angle and distance factors to determine the extent of distortion and their legibility. Means to quantify the extent of distortion were discussed and the direction for future research is offered.","abstract_html":"When dot-matrix characters are rotated, as might be the case in a moving map display, their dot-matrix patterns are distorted and their legibility is thus affected. In this experiment, 16 subjects performed a random search task, in which they were asked to look for a target in a random character pattern. The independent variables were the direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) and the angle of stimulus image rotation, and the target character's distance from the center of screen, which was also the center of rotation; the dependent variables were response time and response correctness. Significant effects were found in the angle of rotation, the target character's distance from the center, and the target character. The results indicate that (1) no angle-dependent mechanism is involved in performing this task and the angle of rotation influences recognition mainly through the distortion of dot-matrix patterns, (2) the target character's (radial) distance from the center of screen is the determining factor for search time, while the x and y coordinates of the target contributed to dot-matrix pattern distortion, and (3) the target characters interacted differently with the angle and distance factors to determine the extent of distortion and their legibility. Means to quantify the extent of distortion were discussed and the direction for future research is offered.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kurokawa, Ko"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Industrial Engineering and Operations Research","degree_department":"Industrial Engineering and Operations Research","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Snyder, Harry L."],"committee_members":["Harrison, Patti Kelly","Kemmerling, Paul T. Jr."],"year":1988,"date_issued":"1988-09-05","date_published":"1988-09-05","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:18:55Z","subjects":[],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-06102012-040220"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-06102012-040220","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43045","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Snyder, Harry L."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Harrison, Patti Kelly","Kemmerling, Paul T. Jr."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Industrial Engineering and Operations Research"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kurokawa, Ko"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:37:39Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:37:39Z","2012-06-10"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1988-09-05"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Industrial Engineering and Operations Research"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-06102012-040220"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43045"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["When dot-matrix characters are rotated, as might be the case in a moving map display, their dot-matrix patterns are distorted and their legibility is thus affected. In this experiment, 16 subjects performed a random search task, in which they were asked to look for a target in a random character pattern. The independent variables were the direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) and the angle of stimulus image rotation, and the target character's distance from the center of screen, which was also the center of rotation; the dependent variables were response time and response correctness. Significant effects were found in the angle of rotation, the target character's distance from the center, and the target character. The results indicate that (1) no angle-dependent mechanism is involved in performing this task and the angle of rotation influences recognition mainly through the distortion of dot-matrix patterns, (2) the target character's (radial) distance from the center of screen is the determining factor for search time, while the x and y coordinates of the target contributed to dot-matrix pattern distortion, and (3) the target characters interacted differently with the angle and distance factors to determine the extent of distortion and their legibility. Means to quantify the extent of distortion were discussed and the direction for future research is offered."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The effect of rotation on legibility of dot-matrix characters"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Snyder, Harry L."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Harrison, Patti Kelly","Kemmerling, Paul T. Jr."],"dc:contributor.department":["Industrial Engineering and Operations Research"],"dc:creator":["Kurokawa, Ko"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:37:39Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:37:39Z","2012-06-10"],"dc:date.issued":["1988-09-05"],"dc:description.abstract":["When dot-matrix characters are rotated, as might be the case in a moving map display, their dot-matrix patterns are distorted and their legibility is thus affected. In this experiment, 16 subjects performed a random search task, in which they were asked to look for a target in a random character pattern. The independent variables were the direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) and the angle of stimulus image rotation, and the target character's distance from the center of screen, which was also the center of rotation; the dependent variables were response time and response correctness. Significant effects were found in the angle of rotation, the target character's distance from the center, and the target character. The results indicate that (1) no angle-dependent mechanism is involved in performing this task and the angle of rotation influences recognition mainly through the distortion of dot-matrix patterns, (2) the target character's (radial) distance from the center of screen is the determining factor for search time, while the x and y coordinates of the target contributed to dot-matrix pattern distortion, and (3) the target characters interacted differently with the angle and distance factors to determine the extent of distortion and their legibility. Means to quantify the extent of distortion were discussed and the direction for future research is offered."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.medium":["BTD"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-06102012-040220"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43045"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["The effect of rotation on legibility of dot-matrix characters"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Industrial Engineering and Operations Research"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:18:55Z"}