{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/42636"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/42636","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Non-coalescence of Jets","abstract":"Contrary to common intuition, free jets of fluid can ``bounce'' off each other on collision in mid-air, through the effect of a lubricating air film that separates the jets. While there has been much work on coalescing jets of fluid and non-coalescence in other systems like drop-drop, drop on a bath, jet on a bath, non-coalescence of fluid jets has been little studied. A simple experimental setup was developed to stably demonstrate and study the non-coalescence of jets upon collision. This thesis presents the results of an experimental investigation of oblique collision between two fluid jets. The transition from bouncing to coalescence of jets is examined for various jet sizes and angles. Results indicate that the transition from bouncing to coalescence can be rationalized in terms of critical value of the dimensionless parameter Normal Weber Number, which represents the ratio between inertial and surface tension forces. A parametric study of the characteristic of bouncing jets, conducted by varying the nozzle diameter, jet velocity, angle of inclination and fluid viscosity reveals the scaling laws for the quantities involved such as contact time. These scaling laws help us in elucidating the role of various physical forces at play such as viscous stresses, capillary force and inertia","abstract_html":"Contrary to common intuition, free jets of fluid can ``bounce'' off each other on collision in mid-air, through the effect of a lubricating air film that separates the jets. While there has been much work on coalescing jets of fluid and non-coalescence in other systems like drop-drop, drop on a bath, jet on a bath, non-coalescence of fluid jets has been little studied. A simple experimental setup was developed to stably demonstrate and study the non-coalescence of jets upon collision. This thesis presents the results of an experimental investigation of oblique collision between two fluid jets. The transition from bouncing to coalescence of jets is examined for various jet sizes and angles. Results indicate that the transition from bouncing to coalescence can be rationalized in terms of critical value of the dimensionless parameter Normal Weber Number, which represents the ratio between inertial and surface tension forces. A parametric study of the characteristic of bouncing jets, conducted by varying the nozzle diameter, jet velocity, angle of inclination and fluid viscosity reveals the scaling laws for the quantities involved such as contact time. These scaling laws help us in elucidating the role of various physical forces at play such as viscous stresses, capillary force and inertia","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wadhwa, Navish"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Engineering Science and Mechanics","degree_department":"Engineering Science and Mechanics","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Jung, Sunghwan"],"committee_members":["Vlachos, Pavlos P.","Socha, John J."],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-04-30","date_published":"2012-04-30","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:07Z","subjects":["bouncing jets","Non-coalescence","contact time","transition"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-05112012-182318"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-05112012-182318","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42636","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Jung, Sunghwan"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Vlachos, Pavlos P.","Socha, John J."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Engineering Science and Mechanics"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wadhwa, Navish"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:36:07Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:36:07Z","2012-05-25"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2012-04-30"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Engineering Science and Mechanics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["bouncing jets","Non-coalescence","contact time","transition"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-05112012-182318"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42636"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Contrary to common intuition, free jets of fluid can ``bounce'' off each other on collision in mid-air, through the effect of a lubricating air film that separates the jets. While there has been much work on coalescing jets of fluid and non-coalescence in other systems like drop-drop, drop on a bath, jet on a bath, non-coalescence of fluid jets has been little studied. A simple experimental setup was developed to stably demonstrate and study the non-coalescence of jets upon collision. This thesis presents the results of an experimental investigation of oblique collision between two fluid jets. The transition from bouncing to coalescence of jets is examined for various jet sizes and angles. Results indicate that the transition from bouncing to coalescence can be rationalized in terms of critical value of the dimensionless parameter Normal Weber Number, which represents the ratio between inertial and surface tension forces. A parametric study of the characteristic of bouncing jets, conducted by varying the nozzle diameter, jet velocity, angle of inclination and fluid viscosity reveals the scaling laws for the quantities involved such as contact time. These scaling laws help us in elucidating the role of various physical forces at play such as viscous stresses, capillary force and inertia"]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Non-coalescence of Jets"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Jung, Sunghwan"],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Vlachos, Pavlos P.","Socha, John J."],"dc:contributor.department":["Engineering Science and Mechanics"],"dc:creator":["Wadhwa, Navish"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:36:07Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:36:07Z","2012-05-25"],"dc:date.issued":["2012-04-30"],"dc:description.abstract":["Contrary to common intuition, free jets of fluid can ``bounce'' off each other on collision in mid-air, through the effect of a lubricating air film that separates the jets. While there has been much work on coalescing jets of fluid and non-coalescence in other systems like drop-drop, drop on a bath, jet on a bath, non-coalescence of fluid jets has been little studied. A simple experimental setup was developed to stably demonstrate and study the non-coalescence of jets upon collision. This thesis presents the results of an experimental investigation of oblique collision between two fluid jets. The transition from bouncing to coalescence of jets is examined for various jet sizes and angles. Results indicate that the transition from bouncing to coalescence can be rationalized in terms of critical value of the dimensionless parameter Normal Weber Number, which represents the ratio between inertial and surface tension forces. A parametric study of the characteristic of bouncing jets, conducted by varying the nozzle diameter, jet velocity, angle of inclination and fluid viscosity reveals the scaling laws for the quantities involved such as contact time. These scaling laws help us in elucidating the role of various physical forces at play such as viscous stresses, capillary force and inertia"],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-05112012-182318"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42636"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["bouncing jets","Non-coalescence","contact time","transition"],"dc:title":["Non-coalescence of Jets"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Engineering Science and Mechanics"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:07Z"}