{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/42075"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/42075","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The effects of characteristic prototypicality and level of previous experience on the perceptions of political leaders","abstract":"Studies of leadership have examined the independent effects of characteristic prototypicality and level of previous experience on the perceptions of a person's leadership ability. The present study examines the joint influence of characteristic prototypicality and previous experience on the perceptions of leadership ability. Subjects received vignettes describing Presidential \"candidates\" and rated the candidates' leadership abilities. There was a significant gender by experience by civics knowledge interaction for the subjects' overall impression of the candidate (favorability) and the candidate's likelihood of success as president, and for rating 1 (a composite rating of six specific abilities). In the low experience condition, high knowledge females rated more leniently than did high knowledge males, while low knowledge females rated more severely than did low knowledge males. There was a significant prototypicality by civics knowledge interaction for favorability and rating 1 and rating 2 (a composite rating of three specific abilities). For favorability, high knowledge subjects rated prototypic and antiprototypic candidates more severely and candidates in the neutral and no prototypicality information more leniently than did low knowledge subjects. Ratings 1 and 2 demonstrated an effect only in the no prototypicality information condition, where high knowledge subjects rated more leniently than did low knowledge subjects. Finally, there was a significant experience by civics knowledge interaction for favorability and likelihood of success. High knowledge subjects rated more leniently in the high experience and more severely in the low experience condition than did low knowledge subjects. Implications of the findings and future research are discussed.","abstract_html":"Studies of leadership have examined the independent effects of characteristic prototypicality and level of previous experience on the perceptions of a person's leadership ability. The present study examines the joint influence of characteristic prototypicality and previous experience on the perceptions of leadership ability. Subjects received vignettes describing Presidential "candidates" and rated the candidates' leadership abilities. There was a significant gender by experience by civics knowledge interaction for the subjects' overall impression of the candidate (favorability) and the candidate's likelihood of success as president, and for rating 1 (a composite rating of six specific abilities). In the low experience condition, high knowledge females rated more leniently than did high knowledge males, while low knowledge females rated more severely than did low knowledge males. There was a significant prototypicality by civics knowledge interaction for favorability and rating 1 and rating 2 (a composite rating of three specific abilities). For favorability, high knowledge subjects rated prototypic and antiprototypic candidates more severely and candidates in the neutral and no prototypicality information more leniently than did low knowledge subjects. Ratings 1 and 2 demonstrated an effect only in the no prototypicality information condition, where high knowledge subjects rated more leniently than did low knowledge subjects. Finally, there was a significant experience by civics knowledge interaction for favorability and likelihood of success. High knowledge subjects rated more leniently in the high experience and more severely in the low experience condition than did low knowledge subjects. Implications of the findings and future research are discussed.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Luch, Carissa Holland"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Industrial/Organizational Psychology","degree_department":"Industrial/Organizational Psychology","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Foti, Roseanne J."],"committee_members":["Hauenstein, Neil M. A.","Franchina, Joseph J."],"year":1990,"date_issued":"1990-04-24","date_published":"1990-04-24","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:12Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-04142009-040553"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-04142009-040553","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42075","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Foti, Roseanne J."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Hauenstein, Neil M. A.","Franchina, Joseph J."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Industrial/Organizational Psychology"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Luch, Carissa Holland"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:33:43Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:33:43Z","2009-04-14"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1990-04-24"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Industrial/Organizational Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-04142009-040553"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42075"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Studies of leadership have examined the independent effects of characteristic prototypicality and level of previous experience on the perceptions of a person's leadership ability. The present study examines the joint influence of characteristic prototypicality and previous experience on the perceptions of leadership ability. Subjects received vignettes describing Presidential \"candidates\" and rated the candidates' leadership abilities. There was a significant gender by experience by civics knowledge interaction for the subjects' overall impression of the candidate (favorability) and the candidate's likelihood of success as president, and for rating 1 (a composite rating of six specific abilities). In the low experience condition, high knowledge females rated more leniently than did high knowledge males, while low knowledge females rated more severely than did low knowledge males. There was a significant prototypicality by civics knowledge interaction for favorability and rating 1 and rating 2 (a composite rating of three specific abilities). For favorability, high knowledge subjects rated prototypic and antiprototypic candidates more severely and candidates in the neutral and no prototypicality information more leniently than did low knowledge subjects. Ratings 1 and 2 demonstrated an effect only in the no prototypicality information condition, where high knowledge subjects rated more leniently than did low knowledge subjects. Finally, there was a significant experience by civics knowledge interaction for favorability and likelihood of success. High knowledge subjects rated more leniently in the high experience and more severely in the low experience condition than did low knowledge subjects. Implications of the findings and future research are discussed."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The effects of characteristic prototypicality and level of previous experience on the perceptions of political leaders"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Foti, Roseanne J."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Hauenstein, Neil M. A.","Franchina, Joseph J."],"dc:contributor.department":["Industrial/Organizational Psychology"],"dc:creator":["Luch, Carissa Holland"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:33:43Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:33:43Z","2009-04-14"],"dc:date.issued":["1990-04-24"],"dc:description.abstract":["Studies of leadership have examined the independent effects of characteristic prototypicality and level of previous experience on the perceptions of a person's leadership ability. The present study examines the joint influence of characteristic prototypicality and previous experience on the perceptions of leadership ability. Subjects received vignettes describing Presidential \"candidates\" and rated the candidates' leadership abilities. There was a significant gender by experience by civics knowledge interaction for the subjects' overall impression of the candidate (favorability) and the candidate's likelihood of success as president, and for rating 1 (a composite rating of six specific abilities). In the low experience condition, high knowledge females rated more leniently than did high knowledge males, while low knowledge females rated more severely than did low knowledge males. There was a significant prototypicality by civics knowledge interaction for favorability and rating 1 and rating 2 (a composite rating of three specific abilities). For favorability, high knowledge subjects rated prototypic and antiprototypic candidates more severely and candidates in the neutral and no prototypicality information more leniently than did low knowledge subjects. Ratings 1 and 2 demonstrated an effect only in the no prototypicality information condition, where high knowledge subjects rated more leniently than did low knowledge subjects. Finally, there was a significant experience by civics knowledge interaction for favorability and likelihood of success. High knowledge subjects rated more leniently in the high experience and more severely in the low experience condition than did low knowledge subjects. Implications of the findings and future research are discussed."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.medium":["BTD"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-04142009-040553"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42075"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["The effects of characteristic prototypicality and level of previous experience on the perceptions of political leaders"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Industrial/Organizational Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:20:12Z"}