{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/41869"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/41869","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Biological control agents of soybean insect pests in the Tidewater area of Virginia","abstract":"The species of biological control agents which affect soybean pests in the Tidewater area were investigated, and their relative values were determined. Two pentatomids, <u>Podisus Macu1iventris</u> Say and <u>Stiretrus anchorago</u> F., were the only significant bio-contro1 agents which attacked the Mexican bean beetle, <u>Epi1achna varivestis</u> Mulsant. Thesepredators were not able to hold the pest population in check. A parasitic fly, <u>Trichopoda pennipes</u> F. was the only important biological control agent which attacked the green stinkbug, <u>Acrosternum hilare</u> (Say). Host and habitdt preferences of the fly suggested the presence of two strains in Virginia. Distribution of the fly was very uneven. Fungal disease was found to be an important control agent of many (larval) Lepidoptera. It was the most important control agent of <u>Plachypena scabra</u> (F.). P. <u>scabra</u> was also controlled by predation and parasitism. Nine parasites attacked the larvae and pupae. No effective biological controls were found for the corn earworm, <u>Heliothis zea</u> (Boddie). The only significant control agent, fungal disease, acted too slowly to prevent economic damage by this insect.","abstract_html":"The species of biological control agents which affect soybean pests in the Tidewater area were investigated, and their relative values were determined. Two pentatomids, &lt;u&gt;Podisus Macu1iventris&lt;/u&gt; Say and &lt;u&gt;Stiretrus anchorago&lt;/u&gt; F., were the only significant bio-contro1 agents which attacked the Mexican bean beetle, &lt;u&gt;Epi1achna varivestis&lt;/u&gt; Mulsant. Thesepredators were not able to hold the pest population in check. A parasitic fly, &lt;u&gt;Trichopoda pennipes&lt;/u&gt; F. was the only important biological control agent which attacked the green stinkbug, &lt;u&gt;Acrosternum hilare&lt;/u&gt; (Say). Host and habitdt preferences of the fly suggested the presence of two strains in Virginia. Distribution of the fly was very uneven. Fungal disease was found to be an important control agent of many (larval) Lepidoptera. It was the most important control agent of &lt;u&gt;Plachypena scabra&lt;/u&gt; (F.). P. &lt;u&gt;scabra&lt;/u&gt; was also controlled by predation and parasitism. Nine parasites attacked the larvae and pupae. No effective biological controls were found for the corn earworm, &lt;u&gt;Heliothis zea&lt;/u&gt; (Boddie). The only significant control agent, fungal disease, acted too slowly to prevent economic damage by this insect.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Eaton, Alan Tucker"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Entomology","degree_department":"Entomology","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Smith, John C."],"committee_members":["Kok, Loke T.","Eaton, John L.","Grayson, James McD."],"year":1975,"date_issued":"1975-01-05","date_published":"1975-01-05","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:09Z","subjects":["soybeans","insect pests"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-03302010-020553"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-03302010-020553","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41869","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Smith, John C."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Kok, Loke T.","Eaton, John L.","Grayson, James McD."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Entomology"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Eaton, Alan Tucker"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:32:37Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:32:37Z","2010-03-30"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1975-01-05"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Entomology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["soybeans","insect pests"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-03302010-020553"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41869"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The species of biological control agents which affect soybean pests in the Tidewater area were investigated, and their relative values were determined. Two pentatomids, <u>Podisus Macu1iventris</u> Say and <u>Stiretrus anchorago</u> F., were the only significant bio-contro1 agents which attacked the Mexican bean beetle, <u>Epi1achna varivestis</u> Mulsant. Thesepredators were not able to hold the pest population in check. A parasitic fly, <u>Trichopoda pennipes</u> F. was the only important biological control agent which attacked the green stinkbug, <u>Acrosternum hilare</u> (Say). Host and habitdt preferences of the fly suggested the presence of two strains in Virginia. Distribution of the fly was very uneven. Fungal disease was found to be an important control agent of many (larval) Lepidoptera. It was the most important control agent of <u>Plachypena scabra</u> (F.). P. <u>scabra</u> was also controlled by predation and parasitism. Nine parasites attacked the larvae and pupae. No effective biological controls were found for the corn earworm, <u>Heliothis zea</u> (Boddie). The only significant control agent, fungal disease, acted too slowly to prevent economic damage by this insect."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Biological control agents of soybean insect pests in the Tidewater area of Virginia"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Smith, John C."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Kok, Loke T.","Eaton, John L.","Grayson, James McD."],"dc:contributor.department":["Entomology"],"dc:creator":["Eaton, Alan Tucker"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:32:37Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:32:37Z","2010-03-30"],"dc:date.issued":["1975-01-05"],"dc:description.abstract":["The species of biological control agents which affect soybean pests in the Tidewater area were investigated, and their relative values were determined. Two pentatomids, <u>Podisus Macu1iventris</u> Say and <u>Stiretrus anchorago</u> F., were the only significant bio-contro1 agents which attacked the Mexican bean beetle, <u>Epi1achna varivestis</u> Mulsant. Thesepredators were not able to hold the pest population in check. A parasitic fly, <u>Trichopoda pennipes</u> F. was the only important biological control agent which attacked the green stinkbug, <u>Acrosternum hilare</u> (Say). Host and habitdt preferences of the fly suggested the presence of two strains in Virginia. Distribution of the fly was very uneven. Fungal disease was found to be an important control agent of many (larval) Lepidoptera. It was the most important control agent of <u>Plachypena scabra</u> (F.). P. <u>scabra</u> was also controlled by predation and parasitism. Nine parasites attacked the larvae and pupae. No effective biological controls were found for the corn earworm, <u>Heliothis zea</u> (Boddie). The only significant control agent, fungal disease, acted too slowly to prevent economic damage by this insect."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.medium":["BTD"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-03302010-020553"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41869"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:subject":["soybeans","insect pests"],"dc:title":["Biological control agents of soybean insect pests in the Tidewater area of Virginia"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Entomology"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:09Z"}