{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/41742"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/41742","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Evaluation of nutritional needs in total parenteral nutrition based on non-protein calories versus total calories","abstract":"Whether to include or exclude the potential kilocalories in protein when calculating the energy provided by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been debated. Both methods are found in clinical practice. An attempt was made to study 52 patients for seven days, randomized to receive their total energy expenditure from TPN calculated for total calories (TC) or nonprotein calories (NPC). Many TPN patients were excluded or dropped from the study because of enteral nutrient intake, inability to perform metabolic cart measurements or nitrogen balance calculations, renal failure, or surgery during the study. Six subjects completed at least part of the protocol (three in each group). Nitrogen balance, respiratory quotient, prealbumin, blood glucose, and triglycerides were measured. Insufficient data were collected to support or dispute the superiority.","abstract_html":"Whether to include or exclude the potential kilocalories in protein when calculating the energy provided by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been debated. Both methods are found in clinical practice. An attempt was made to study 52 patients for seven days, randomized to receive their total energy expenditure from TPN calculated for total calories (TC) or nonprotein calories (NPC). Many TPN patients were excluded or dropped from the study because of enteral nutrient intake, inability to perform metabolic cart measurements or nitrogen balance calculations, renal failure, or surgery during the study. Six subjects completed at least part of the protocol (three in each group). Nitrogen balance, respiratory quotient, prealbumin, blood glucose, and triglycerides were measured. Insufficient data were collected to support or dispute the superiority.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Smith, Sandra Ellen"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Human Nutrition and Foods","degree_department":"Human Nutrition and Foods","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1995,"date_issued":"1995","date_published":"1995","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:56:22Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-03242009-040335"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-03242009-040335","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41742","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Human Nutrition and Foods"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Smith, Sandra Ellen"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:32:09Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:32:09Z","2009-03-24"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1995"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Human Nutrition and Foods"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-03242009-040335"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41742"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Whether to include or exclude the potential kilocalories in protein when calculating the energy provided by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been debated. Both methods are found in clinical practice. An attempt was made to study 52 patients for seven days, randomized to receive their total energy expenditure from TPN calculated for total calories (TC) or nonprotein calories (NPC). Many TPN patients were excluded or dropped from the study because of enteral nutrient intake, inability to perform metabolic cart measurements or nitrogen balance calculations, renal failure, or surgery during the study. Six subjects completed at least part of the protocol (three in each group). Nitrogen balance, respiratory quotient, prealbumin, blood glucose, and triglycerides were measured. Insufficient data were collected to support or dispute the superiority."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Evaluation of nutritional needs in total parenteral nutrition based on non-protein calories versus total calories"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Human Nutrition and Foods"],"dc:creator":["Smith, Sandra Ellen"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:32:09Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:32:09Z","2009-03-24"],"dc:date.issued":["1995"],"dc:description.abstract":["Whether to include or exclude the potential kilocalories in protein when calculating the energy provided by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been debated. Both methods are found in clinical practice. An attempt was made to study 52 patients for seven days, randomized to receive their total energy expenditure from TPN calculated for total calories (TC) or nonprotein calories (NPC). Many TPN patients were excluded or dropped from the study because of enteral nutrient intake, inability to perform metabolic cart measurements or nitrogen balance calculations, renal failure, or surgery during the study. Six subjects completed at least part of the protocol (three in each group). Nitrogen balance, respiratory quotient, prealbumin, blood glucose, and triglycerides were measured. 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