{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/41616"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/41616","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Stock plant nutrition and stem cutting water relations during propagation of four woody nursery crops","abstract":"To evaluate the effects of stock plant nutrition and propagation medium moisture content on stem cutting propagation, two separate studies were conducted. In one study, stem cuttings of Juniperus horizontalis Moench ‘Wiltonii’, Rhododendron (Lindl.) Planch ‘Hino-Crimson’, and Ilex crenata ‘Helleri’, were propagated in 1 peat : 1 perlite (v/v) at 125 %, 250 %, 375 %, 500 %, and 625 % moisture. Stem cutting survival and rooting, midday xylem water potential, and basal water uptake all generally increased with increasing medium moisture level. Incidence of cutting basal rot was not directly related to medium moisture level, but was related to species and growth stage of the stock plant. Basal water uptake by cuttings was highest during the first few days after insertion and thereafter decreased until root emergence. Propagation was most successful in the wettest medium (625 %). In a second study, containerized stock plants of Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Rotundifolia’ were liquid-fertilized with 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg N · liter⁻¹ in two forms (100 % NH₄NO₃ or 50 % Urea + 50 % NH₄NO₃) in a factorial treatment design. Percent rooting of stem cuttings decreased linearly with fertilizer rate. Leaf and stem percent N increased from suboptimal to excessive levels with fertilizer rate. Total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) levels increased in leaves and remained constant in stems with increasing fertilizer rate. Stem cutting percent moisture was highly correlated with fertilizer rate. The form of N applied made no statistical difference in these trends. The decrease in percent rooting with increasing fertilizer rate was attributed to increases in shoot growth activity.","abstract_html":"To evaluate the effects of stock plant nutrition and propagation medium moisture content on stem cutting propagation, two separate studies were conducted. In one study, stem cuttings of Juniperus horizontalis Moench ‘Wiltonii’, Rhododendron (Lindl.) Planch ‘Hino-Crimson’, and Ilex crenata ‘Helleri’, were propagated in 1 peat : 1 perlite (v/v) at 125 %, 250 %, 375 %, 500 %, and 625 % moisture. Stem cutting survival and rooting, midday xylem water potential, and basal water uptake all generally increased with increasing medium moisture level. Incidence of cutting basal rot was not directly related to medium moisture level, but was related to species and growth stage of the stock plant. Basal water uptake by cuttings was highest during the first few days after insertion and thereafter decreased until root emergence. Propagation was most successful in the wettest medium (625 %). In a second study, containerized stock plants of Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Rotundifolia’ were liquid-fertilized with 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg N · liter⁻¹ in two forms (100 % NH₄NO₃ or 50 % Urea + 50 % NH₄NO₃) in a factorial treatment design. Percent rooting of stem cuttings decreased linearly with fertilizer rate. Leaf and stem percent N increased from suboptimal to excessive levels with fertilizer rate. Total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) levels increased in leaves and remained constant in stems with increasing fertilizer rate. Stem cutting percent moisture was highly correlated with fertilizer rate. The form of N applied made no statistical difference in these trends. The decrease in percent rooting with increasing fertilizer rate was attributed to increases in shoot growth activity.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Rein, William Henry"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Horticulture","degree_department":"Horticulture","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1990,"date_issued":"1990","date_published":"1990","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:48Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-03142009-040704"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-03142009-040704","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41616","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Horticulture"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Rein, William Henry"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:31:42Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:31:42Z","2009-03-14"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1990"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Horticulture"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-03142009-040704"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41616"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["To evaluate the effects of stock plant nutrition and propagation medium moisture content on stem cutting propagation, two separate studies were conducted. In one study, stem cuttings of Juniperus horizontalis Moench ‘Wiltonii’, Rhododendron (Lindl.) Planch ‘Hino-Crimson’, and Ilex crenata ‘Helleri’, were propagated in 1 peat : 1 perlite (v/v) at 125 %, 250 %, 375 %, 500 %, and 625 % moisture. Stem cutting survival and rooting, midday xylem water potential, and basal water uptake all generally increased with increasing medium moisture level. Incidence of cutting basal rot was not directly related to medium moisture level, but was related to species and growth stage of the stock plant. Basal water uptake by cuttings was highest during the first few days after insertion and thereafter decreased until root emergence. Propagation was most successful in the wettest medium (625 %). In a second study, containerized stock plants of Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Rotundifolia’ were liquid-fertilized with 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg N · liter⁻¹ in two forms (100 % NH₄NO₃ or 50 % Urea + 50 % NH₄NO₃) in a factorial treatment design. Percent rooting of stem cuttings decreased linearly with fertilizer rate. Leaf and stem percent N increased from suboptimal to excessive levels with fertilizer rate. Total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) levels increased in leaves and remained constant in stems with increasing fertilizer rate. Stem cutting percent moisture was highly correlated with fertilizer rate. The form of N applied made no statistical difference in these trends. The decrease in percent rooting with increasing fertilizer rate was attributed to increases in shoot growth activity."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Stock plant nutrition and stem cutting water relations during propagation of four woody nursery crops"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Horticulture"],"dc:creator":["Rein, William Henry"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:31:42Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:31:42Z","2009-03-14"],"dc:date.issued":["1990"],"dc:description.abstract":["To evaluate the effects of stock plant nutrition and propagation medium moisture content on stem cutting propagation, two separate studies were conducted. In one study, stem cuttings of Juniperus horizontalis Moench ‘Wiltonii’, Rhododendron (Lindl.) Planch ‘Hino-Crimson’, and Ilex crenata ‘Helleri’, were propagated in 1 peat : 1 perlite (v/v) at 125 %, 250 %, 375 %, 500 %, and 625 % moisture. Stem cutting survival and rooting, midday xylem water potential, and basal water uptake all generally increased with increasing medium moisture level. Incidence of cutting basal rot was not directly related to medium moisture level, but was related to species and growth stage of the stock plant. Basal water uptake by cuttings was highest during the first few days after insertion and thereafter decreased until root emergence. Propagation was most successful in the wettest medium (625 %). In a second study, containerized stock plants of Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Rotundifolia’ were liquid-fertilized with 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg N · liter⁻¹ in two forms (100 % NH₄NO₃ or 50 % Urea + 50 % NH₄NO₃) in a factorial treatment design. Percent rooting of stem cuttings decreased linearly with fertilizer rate. Leaf and stem percent N increased from suboptimal to excessive levels with fertilizer rate. Total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) levels increased in leaves and remained constant in stems with increasing fertilizer rate. Stem cutting percent moisture was highly correlated with fertilizer rate. The form of N applied made no statistical difference in these trends. The decrease in percent rooting with increasing fertilizer rate was attributed to increases in shoot growth activity."],"dc:description.degree":["Master of Science"],"dc:format.medium":["BTD"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-03142009-040704"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41616"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["Stock plant nutrition and stem cutting water relations during propagation of four woody nursery crops"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Horticulture"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:48Z"}