{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/41514"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/41514","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Characterization of sludges produced when using polyaluminum chloride coagulants","abstract":"The dewatering characteristics of polyaluminum chloride (Hyper⁺Ion 1050A) sludges were investigated using lab-scale tests including specific resistance to filtration (r*), capillary suction time (CST), and sludge pH. The effects of chemical conditioning (lime and cationic polymer) and mixing intensity (Gt) upon the sludge dewatering characteristics in a pilot-scale plate and frame press were also studied. The dewatering characteristics of the Hyper⁺Ion sludges were found to be dependent upon the influent water turbidity conditions; specifically, the ratio of aluminum coagulant to total dry solids in the sludge. Lime was an effective conditioner for doses that produced a sludge pH value in the range of 11.5 to 11.8 which, again, was a direct function of the aluminum coagulant fraction in the sludge. Cationic polymer and a combination of lime and polymer were also effective conditioning schemes when the appropriate dose and mixing intensity were applied.","abstract_html":"The dewatering characteristics of polyaluminum chloride (Hyper⁺Ion 1050A) sludges were investigated using lab-scale tests including specific resistance to filtration (r*), capillary suction time (CST), and sludge pH. The effects of chemical conditioning (lime and cationic polymer) and mixing intensity (Gt) upon the sludge dewatering characteristics in a pilot-scale plate and frame press were also studied. The dewatering characteristics of the Hyper⁺Ion sludges were found to be dependent upon the influent water turbidity conditions; specifically, the ratio of aluminum coagulant to total dry solids in the sludge. Lime was an effective conditioner for doses that produced a sludge pH value in the range of 11.5 to 11.8 which, again, was a direct function of the aluminum coagulant fraction in the sludge. Cationic polymer and a combination of lime and polymer were also effective conditioning schemes when the appropriate dose and mixing intensity were applied.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wise, Lynn V."],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Environmental Planning","degree_department":"Environmental Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1991,"date_issued":"1991","date_published":"1991","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:56:05Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-03122009-041425"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-03122009-041425","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41514","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Environmental Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wise, Lynn V."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:31:23Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:31:23Z","2009-03-12"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1991"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environmental Planning"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-03122009-041425"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41514"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The dewatering characteristics of polyaluminum chloride (Hyper⁺Ion 1050A) sludges were investigated using lab-scale tests including specific resistance to filtration (r*), capillary suction time (CST), and sludge pH. The effects of chemical conditioning (lime and cationic polymer) and mixing intensity (Gt) upon the sludge dewatering characteristics in a pilot-scale plate and frame press were also studied. The dewatering characteristics of the Hyper⁺Ion sludges were found to be dependent upon the influent water turbidity conditions; specifically, the ratio of aluminum coagulant to total dry solids in the sludge. Lime was an effective conditioner for doses that produced a sludge pH value in the range of 11.5 to 11.8 which, again, was a direct function of the aluminum coagulant fraction in the sludge. Cationic polymer and a combination of lime and polymer were also effective conditioning schemes when the appropriate dose and mixing intensity were applied."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Characterization of sludges produced when using polyaluminum chloride coagulants"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Environmental Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Wise, Lynn V."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:31:23Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:31:23Z","2009-03-12"],"dc:date.issued":["1991"],"dc:description.abstract":["The dewatering characteristics of polyaluminum chloride (Hyper⁺Ion 1050A) sludges were investigated using lab-scale tests including specific resistance to filtration (r*), capillary suction time (CST), and sludge pH. The effects of chemical conditioning (lime and cationic polymer) and mixing intensity (Gt) upon the sludge dewatering characteristics in a pilot-scale plate and frame press were also studied. The dewatering characteristics of the Hyper⁺Ion sludges were found to be dependent upon the influent water turbidity conditions; specifically, the ratio of aluminum coagulant to total dry solids in the sludge. Lime was an effective conditioner for doses that produced a sludge pH value in the range of 11.5 to 11.8 which, again, was a direct function of the aluminum coagulant fraction in the sludge. 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