{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/40821"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/40821","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Effect of dietary protein degradability and fat on rumen, blood and milk components of Jersey and Holstein cows","abstract":"Twenty-four cows in a production trial and 8 cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in 4 x 4 Latin squares to investigate the effects of dietary protein degradability and supplemental fat on rumen, blood, and milk components. Diet dry matter contained 16% CP with two levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) obtained by substituting blood meal for soybean meal. Treatments were 29% RUP, 0% added fat; 29% RUP, 2.7% added fat (Calcium soaps of fatty acids); 41% RUP, 0% added fat; and 41% RUP, 2.7% added fat. Dry matter intake was depressed 6.2% by added fat. Plasma urea N (PUN) increased with added fat and 41% RUP, however greater changes were observed due to time of feeding. Milk production increased 7.1% in both breeds and 4% fat corrected milk increased by 8.4% in Jerseys fed added fat. Milk protein yield decreased in Holsteins fed 41% RUP. Milk protein content was reduced 7.1% by added fat and 3.9% by 41% RUP, and milk urea N (g/100g N) was increased by added fat and 41% RUP. Milk urea N followed PUN pattern throughout the day. Added fat reduced content, but not yield, of milk components. Blood meal substitution decreased content and yield of milk protein and casein N.","abstract_html":"Twenty-four cows in a production trial and 8 cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in 4 x 4 Latin squares to investigate the effects of dietary protein degradability and supplemental fat on rumen, blood, and milk components. Diet dry matter contained 16% CP with two levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) obtained by substituting blood meal for soybean meal. Treatments were 29% RUP, 0% added fat; 29% RUP, 2.7% added fat (Calcium soaps of fatty acids); 41% RUP, 0% added fat; and 41% RUP, 2.7% added fat. Dry matter intake was depressed 6.2% by added fat. Plasma urea N (PUN) increased with added fat and 41% RUP, however greater changes were observed due to time of feeding. Milk production increased 7.1% in both breeds and 4% fat corrected milk increased by 8.4% in Jerseys fed added fat. Milk protein yield decreased in Holsteins fed 41% RUP. Milk protein content was reduced 7.1% by added fat and 3.9% by 41% RUP, and milk urea N (g/100g N) was increased by added fat and 41% RUP. Milk urea N followed PUN pattern throughout the day. Added fat reduced content, but not yield, of milk components. Blood meal substitution decreased content and yield of milk protein and casein N.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Rodriguez, Luis Alberto"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Dairy Science","degree_department":"Dairy Science","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1994,"date_issued":"1994","date_published":"1994","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:19:57Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-01312009-063012"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-01312009-063012","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40821","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Dairy Science"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Rodriguez, Luis Alberto"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:27:58Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:27:58Z","2009-01-31"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1994"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Dairy Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-01312009-063012"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40821"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Twenty-four cows in a production trial and 8 cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in 4 x 4 Latin squares to investigate the effects of dietary protein degradability and supplemental fat on rumen, blood, and milk components. Diet dry matter contained 16% CP with two levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) obtained by substituting blood meal for soybean meal. Treatments were 29% RUP, 0% added fat; 29% RUP, 2.7% added fat (Calcium soaps of fatty acids); 41% RUP, 0% added fat; and 41% RUP, 2.7% added fat. Dry matter intake was depressed 6.2% by added fat. Plasma urea N (PUN) increased with added fat and 41% RUP, however greater changes were observed due to time of feeding. Milk production increased 7.1% in both breeds and 4% fat corrected milk increased by 8.4% in Jerseys fed added fat. Milk protein yield decreased in Holsteins fed 41% RUP. Milk protein content was reduced 7.1% by added fat and 3.9% by 41% RUP, and milk urea N (g/100g N) was increased by added fat and 41% RUP. Milk urea N followed PUN pattern throughout the day. Added fat reduced content, but not yield, of milk components. Blood meal substitution decreased content and yield of milk protein and casein N."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["BTD"]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effect of dietary protein degradability and fat on rumen, blood and milk components of Jersey and Holstein cows"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.department":["Dairy Science"],"dc:creator":["Rodriguez, Luis Alberto"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2014-03-14T21:27:58Z"],"dc:date.available":["2014-03-14T21:27:58Z","2009-01-31"],"dc:date.issued":["1994"],"dc:description.abstract":["Twenty-four cows in a production trial and 8 cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in 4 x 4 Latin squares to investigate the effects of dietary protein degradability and supplemental fat on rumen, blood, and milk components. Diet dry matter contained 16% CP with two levels of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) obtained by substituting blood meal for soybean meal. Treatments were 29% RUP, 0% added fat; 29% RUP, 2.7% added fat (Calcium soaps of fatty acids); 41% RUP, 0% added fat; and 41% RUP, 2.7% added fat. Dry matter intake was depressed 6.2% by added fat. Plasma urea N (PUN) increased with added fat and 41% RUP, however greater changes were observed due to time of feeding. Milk production increased 7.1% in both breeds and 4% fat corrected milk increased by 8.4% in Jerseys fed added fat. Milk protein yield decreased in Holsteins fed 41% RUP. Milk protein content was reduced 7.1% by added fat and 3.9% by 41% RUP, and milk urea N (g/100g N) was increased by added fat and 41% RUP. Milk urea N followed PUN pattern throughout the day. Added fat reduced content, but not yield, of milk components. 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