{"id":{"repo_id":"vt","oai_identifier":"oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/38734"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/vt/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/38734","repository":{"repo_id":"vt","name":"Virginia Tech","base_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Basic beliefs regarding sex bias among postsecondary occupational educators in Region Three","abstract":"The central problem of this study was to identify and compare the basic sex bias beliefs of (1) male and female postsecondary occupational educators; (2) post-secondary occupational educators teaching in male-oriented, nonsex-oriented, and female-oriented programs; and (3) postsecondary occupational educators teaching in small, medium, and large campuses. A secondary problem was to determine (1) if there was a relationship between the biographical variables (sex, age, educational level [highest degree earned], years of teaching experience, and years of occupational experience) and the identified basic sex bias beliefs of post-secondary occupational educators; and (2) if there were differences in the identified basic sex bias beliefs of postsecondary occupational educators who teach in programs of varying sex orientation (male-oriented, nonsex-oriented, and female-oriented) and who teach in campuses of varying sizes (small, medium, and large). The research procedures used in this study consisted of five steps. These steps were: (1) reviewing the literature for basic sex bias beliefs; (2) developing, validating, and pilot testing the instrument; (3) collecting data; (4) analyzing the data; and (5) interpreting and reporting the data. The instrument used to collect data was developed in a scale format by the researcher, and contains a total of 30 items. Eleven of these items measure general sex bias and 19 measure same sex bias/opposite sex bias. A random sample of postsecondary occupational educators (417) from USOE Region Three (Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia) were potential respondents in this study. The analysis of data consisted of (1) descriptive statistics to provide a respondent profile; (2) descriptive statistics to identify and compare the basic beliefs; and (3) statistical tests of the research questions (Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Pearson correlations).","abstract_html":"The central problem of this study was to identify and compare the basic sex bias beliefs of (1) male and female postsecondary occupational educators; (2) post-secondary occupational educators teaching in male-oriented, nonsex-oriented, and female-oriented programs; and (3) postsecondary occupational educators teaching in small, medium, and large campuses. A secondary problem was to determine (1) if there was a relationship between the biographical variables (sex, age, educational level [highest degree earned], years of teaching experience, and years of occupational experience) and the identified basic sex bias beliefs of post-secondary occupational educators; and (2) if there were differences in the identified basic sex bias beliefs of postsecondary occupational educators who teach in programs of varying sex orientation (male-oriented, nonsex-oriented, and female-oriented) and who teach in campuses of varying sizes (small, medium, and large). The research procedures used in this study consisted of five steps. These steps were: (1) reviewing the literature for basic sex bias beliefs; (2) developing, validating, and pilot testing the instrument; (3) collecting data; (4) analyzing the data; and (5) interpreting and reporting the data. The instrument used to collect data was developed in a scale format by the researcher, and contains a total of 30 items. Eleven of these items measure general sex bias and 19 measure same sex bias/opposite sex bias. A random sample of postsecondary occupational educators (417) from USOE Region Three (Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia) were potential respondents in this study. The analysis of data consisted of (1) descriptive statistics to provide a respondent profile; (2) descriptive statistics to identify and compare the basic beliefs; and (3) statistical tests of the research questions (Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Pearson correlations).","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Manrov, Alexsandria"],"institution":"Virginia Tech","degree_name":"Doctor of Education","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":"Vocational and Technical Education","degree_department":"Vocational and Technical Education","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1978,"date_issued":"1978","date_published":"1978","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:56:30Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-07082010-020354"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd-07082010-020354","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38734","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Vocational and Technical Education"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Manrov, Alexsandria"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2014-03-14T21:15:36Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2014-03-14T21:15:36Z","2010-07-08"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1978"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Virginia Tech"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"dc:type.dcmitype","label":"Dc Type Dcmitype","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Vocational and Technical Education"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Education"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["etd-07082010-020354"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38734"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The central problem of this study was to identify and compare the basic sex bias beliefs of (1) male and female postsecondary occupational educators; (2) post-secondary occupational educators teaching in male-oriented, nonsex-oriented, and female-oriented programs; and (3) postsecondary occupational educators teaching in small, medium, and large campuses. A secondary problem was to determine (1) if there was a relationship between the biographical variables (sex, age, educational level [highest degree earned], years of teaching experience, and years of occupational experience) and the identified basic sex bias beliefs of post-secondary occupational educators; and (2) if there were differences in the identified basic sex bias beliefs of postsecondary occupational educators who teach in programs of varying sex orientation (male-oriented, nonsex-oriented, and female-oriented) and who teach in campuses of varying sizes (small, medium, and large). The research procedures used in this study consisted of five steps. These steps were: (1) reviewing the literature for basic sex bias beliefs; (2) developing, validating, and pilot testing the instrument; (3) collecting data; (4) analyzing the data; and (5) interpreting and reporting the data. The instrument used to collect data was developed in a scale format by the researcher, and contains a total of 30 items. Eleven of these items measure general sex bias and 19 measure same sex bias/opposite sex bias. A random sample of postsecondary occupational educators (417) from USOE Region Three (Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia) were potential respondents in this study. The analysis of data consisted of (1) descriptive statistics to provide a respondent profile; (2) descriptive statistics to identify and compare the basic beliefs; and (3) statistical tests of the research questions (Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Pearson correlations)."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Ed. 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A secondary problem was to determine (1) if there was a relationship between the biographical variables (sex, age, educational level [highest degree earned], years of teaching experience, and years of occupational experience) and the identified basic sex bias beliefs of post-secondary occupational educators; and (2) if there were differences in the identified basic sex bias beliefs of postsecondary occupational educators who teach in programs of varying sex orientation (male-oriented, nonsex-oriented, and female-oriented) and who teach in campuses of varying sizes (small, medium, and large). The research procedures used in this study consisted of five steps. These steps were: (1) reviewing the literature for basic sex bias beliefs; (2) developing, validating, and pilot testing the instrument; (3) collecting data; (4) analyzing the data; and (5) interpreting and reporting the data. The instrument used to collect data was developed in a scale format by the researcher, and contains a total of 30 items. Eleven of these items measure general sex bias and 19 measure same sex bias/opposite sex bias. A random sample of postsecondary occupational educators (417) from USOE Region Three (Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia) were potential respondents in this study. The analysis of data consisted of (1) descriptive statistics to provide a respondent profile; (2) descriptive statistics to identify and compare the basic beliefs; and (3) statistical tests of the research questions (Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Pearson correlations)."],"dc:description.degree":["Ed. D."],"dc:format.medium":["BTD"],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.other":["etd-07082010-020354"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38734"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["Virginia Tech"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:title":["Basic beliefs regarding sex bias among postsecondary occupational educators in Region Three"],"dc:type":["Dissertation"],"dc:type.dcmitype":["Text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Vocational and Technical Education"],"thesis:degree_level":["doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Education"],"thesis:institution_name":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:56:30Z"}